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Inicio Archivos de la Sociedad Española de Oftalmología (English Edition) Translation and cultural adaptation into Spanish of the Low Vision Quality of Li...
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Vol. 94. Issue 8.
Pages 384-390 (August 2019)
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Vol. 94. Issue 8.
Pages 384-390 (August 2019)
Original article
Translation and cultural adaptation into Spanish of the Low Vision Quality of Life Questionnaire
Traducción y adaptación cultural al español del cuestionario Low Vision Quality of Life (LVQOL)
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L. Pérez-Mañáa, G. Cardonab, Y. Pardo Cladellasc,d,e, C. Pérez-Mañáf, J.S. Wolffsohng, A. Antóna,h,i,
Corresponding author
aanton@uic.es

Corresponding author.
a Unidad de Oftalmología, Hospital de la Esperanza en Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain
b Facultat d’Òptica i Optometria de Terrassa, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
c Grupo de Investigación en Servicios Sanitarios, Instituto Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
d Grupo de Redes del Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
e Departamento de Psiquiatría y Medicina Legal, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
f Servicio de Farmacología Clínica, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Departamento de Farmacología, Terapéutica y Toxicología, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
g Aston University, Ophtalmic Research Group (ORG), Birmingham, United Kingdom
h Instituto Catalán de Retina, Barcelona, Spain
i Universidad Internacional de Cataluña, Barcelona, Spain
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Figures (1)
Tables (3)
Table 1. Examples of direct translation of LVQOL from English to Spanish, including the version agreed by the expert committee including the process strategies (some items could include spelling or grammar mistakes).
Table 2. Examples of reverse translation (back-translation) of the first Spanish version of LVQOL into English, as compared with the original version.
Table 3. SLVQOL (Spanish Low Vision Quality of Life). Patients were requested to draw a circle around the number that best describes the way they feel. If they cannot carry out the task due to poor vision, the X=0 should be circled, and if they do not carry out the task for reasons other than eyesight they were asked to circle n/r.
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Abstract
Objective

The purpose of the present study was to provide a translation into Spanish, as well as a cross-cultural adaptation, of the English version of the Low Vision Quality of Life Questionnaire (LVQOL). There are currently some questionnaires designed to assess vision related quality of life in Spanish, although none of them specifically examines the quality of life of patients with visual disability.

Method

The LVQOL consists of 25 items and examines 4 different dimensions: distance vision; mobility and illumination; adaptation, reading and precision work, and daily life activities. The process of translation and cross-cultural adaptation was conducted following the recommendations of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes. This included, amongst other variables, a direct translation, a back-translation, and a cognitive debriefing with a small sample of patients with visual impairment. Work was supervised by an expert committee consisting of an ophthalmologist, a psychologist with expertise in Patient Reported Outcomes, and an optician-optometrist with experience in the field of low vision.

Results

A total of 46 phrases were considered for translation of which, 41 (89.1%) had excellent equivalence, 3 (6.5%) moderate equivalence, and 2 poor equivalence. The cognitive debriefing phase showed a high degree of acceptance of the questionnaire by the sample of participants with visual impairment.

Conclusions

The results obtained suggest that the Spanish version of this tool is understandable for patients with visual impairment. Its properties as a measuring tool will be evaluated in a later study to determine its validity, reliability, and sensitivity to changes.

Keywords:
Low vision
Quality of life
Quality of life questionnaire
Visual disability
Patient Reported Outcomes
Translation and cross-cultural adaptation
Resumen
Objetivo

El objetivo del presente trabajo consistió en la traducción al español y adaptación cultural de la versión inglesa del Low Vision Quality of Life Questionnaire (LVQOL). Actualmente existen algunos cuestionarios diseñados para evaluar la calidad de vida relacionada con la visión en español, pero ninguno de ellos investiga específicamente la calidad de vida relacionada con la discapacidad visual.

Método

El LVQOL consta de 25 ítems y explora 4 dimensiones distintas: visión de lejos; movilidad e iluminación; adaptación, lectura y trabajo de precisión, y actividades de la vida diaria. Para la traducción y adaptación cultural se siguieron las normas de la International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes, incluyendo, entre otras fases, una traducción, una retro-traducción y un interrogatorio cognitivo con un grupo reducido de pacientes con discapacidad visual. Se contó con un comité de expertos formado por un oftalmólogo, una psicóloga especializada en Patient Reported Outcomes y un óptico-optometrista con experiencia en baja visión.

Resultados

Se consideraron un total de 46 frases para traducir, de las cuales 41 (89,1%) presentaron equivalencia excelente, 3 (6,5%) equivalencia moderada y 2 equivalencia pobre. La fase del interrogatorio cognitivo evidenció un alto grado de aceptación del cuestionario por parte de la muestra de participantes con discapacidad visual.

Conclusiones

Los resultados obtenidos sugieren que la versión española de este instrumento es comprensible para pacientes con discapacidad visual. Sus propiedades como instrumento de medida serán evaluadas en un posterior estudio para determinar su validez, su fiabilidad y su sensibilidad a los cambios.

Palabras clave:
Baja visión
Calidad de vida
Cuestionario de calidad de vida
Discapacidad visual
Patient Reported Outcomes
Traducción y adaptación cultural

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