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Vol. 66. Issue 3.
Pages 132-138 (May - June 2015)
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Vol. 66. Issue 3.
Pages 132-138 (May - June 2015)
Original article
Results of Total Laryngectomy as Treatment for Locally Advanced Laryngeal Cancer in the Organ-Preservation Era
Resultados de la laringectomía total en carcinoma localmente avanzado de laringe en la era de la organopreservación
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Juan P. Rodrigoa,b,
Corresponding author
, Fernando Lópeza,b, José L. Llorentea,b, César Álvarez-Marcosa,b, Carlos Suáreza,b
a Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
b Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
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Table 1. Patients’ Clinical Pathological Characteristics.
Abstract
Introduction and objectives

Total laryngectomy (TL) and postoperative radiotherapy (RT), when indicated, have proven to be effective in treating cases of locally advanced laryngeal cancer. The aim of this study was to analyse the oncological outcomes of this procedure in patients with laryngeal cancer classified T3 and T4a.

Methods

We studied 80 patients (51 T3 and 29 T4a) with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx who underwent TL between 1998 and 2006. Bilateral neck dissection was performed in 54 patients, unilateral in 11, and central in 4. Twenty patients (25%) received postoperative radiotherapy.

Results

Mean age was 64 years with a male predominance (97%). As for habits, 96% were smokers and 89% consumed alcohol. Lymph node metastases occurred in 44% of patients and extracapsular invasion in 37% of them. All cases had tumour-free margins. In all, 25% of patients had loco-regional recurrence and 5% developed distant metastases. The 5-year disease-specific survival was 72% and 5-year overall survival was 55%. Variables associated with decreased disease-specific survival were T4 classification (P=.068), N2–N3 classifications (P=.005), extracapsular invasion (P=.018) and stage IV disease (P=.009). On multivariate analysis, the only variable associated with decreased disease-specific survival was the presence of N2–N3 nodal metastases (P=.008).

Conclusions

TL is an effective treatment for the management of patients with locally advanced laryngeal cancer. Organ preservation protocols should achieve similar oncological results to those obtained with TL.

Keywords:
Laryngeal cancer
Total laryngectomy
Radiotherapy
Prognosis
Resumen
Introducción y objetivos

La laringectomía total (LT), más eventual radioterapia (RT), ha demostrado ser un tratamiento eficaz en los casos de cáncer de laringe localmente avanzado. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los resultados oncológicos de este procedimiento en pacientes con cáncer de laringe T3 y T4a.

Métodos

Se incluyeron 80 pacientes (51 T3 y 29 T4a) con carcinoma epidermoide primario de laringe tratados mediante LT entre los años 1998 y 2006. Se realizó vaciamiento cervical bilateral en 54 pacientes, unilateral en 11 y central en 4. Veinte pacientes (25%) recibieron RT postoperatoria.

Resultados

La edad media fue de 64 años, con predominio de varones (97%). El 96% eran fumadores y el 89% consumía alcohol. Un 44% de los pacientes presentaba metástasis ganglionares, y de estos un 37% mostró invasión extracapsular. En todos los casos se obtuvieron bordes libres de tumour. Un 25% de los pacientes presentaron recidiva locorregional y 5% desarrollaron metástasis a distancia. La supervivencia específica a 5 años fue de un 72% y la global del 55%. Las variables asociadas a menor supervivencia específica fueron la clasificación T4 (p=0,068), la clasificación N2-N3 (p=0,005), la invasión extracapsular (p=0,018) y el estadio IV (p=0,009). En el análisis multivariante la única variable significativa para la supervivencia específica fue la clasificación N2–N3 (p=0,008).

Conclusiones

La LT es un tratamiento eficaz para el manejo de los pacientes con cáncer de laringe localmente avanzado. Los protocolos de preservación de órgano deberían alcanzar resultados oncológicos similares a los demostrados por la LT.

Palabras clave:
Cáncer de laringe
Laringectomía total
Radioterapia
Pronóstico

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