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Inicio Acta Otorrinolaringológica Española Clinical and Radiological Evolution of a Group of Untreated Acoustic Neuromas
Journal Information
Vol. 65. Issue 4.
Pages 219-224 (July - August 2014)
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Vol. 65. Issue 4.
Pages 219-224 (July - August 2014)
Original article
Clinical and Radiological Evolution of a Group of Untreated Acoustic Neuromas
Evolución clínica y radiológica de un grupo de neurinomas del acústico no tratados
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Vicente Escorihuela-García
Corresponding author
zingaro85@hotmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Ignacio Llópez-Carratalá, Miguel Orts-Alborch, Jaime Marco-Algarra
Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Table 1. Evolution of the Clinical Manifestations in the 6-year Follow-up.
Table 2. Audiometric Evolution (According to Gardner-Robertson Classification Over the 6-year Follow up).
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Abstract
Introduction

The acoustic neuroma is a benign tumour that originates in the vestibular branch of the eighth cranial nerve. The main treatment is surgery, but many authors suggest that with elderly patients or in small neuromas we can opt for watchful waiting.

Methods

This was a retrospective study from 2007 to 2013 that included 27 patients diagnosed of acoustic neuroma that had not been treated due to the size of the tumour, age and comorbidities, or by patient choice. We evaluated overall condition, hearing thresholds, degree of canal paresis and central disorders.

Results

After 6 years of follow up, clinical manifestations of 18 patients remained unchanged, 5 patients underwent hearing loss and developed tinnitus, 2 cases had more intense tinnitus and 2 cases had dizziness. The radiological controls by magnetic resonance imaging showed that the initial maximum diameters (5–16mm) increased by 1.7mm on average, with annual growth rates below 0.5mm.

Conclusion

In selected cases, such as for small neuromas and in elderly patients, the conservative option of close monitoring with magnetic resonance imaging is an important alternative given that, in our cases, clinical features and radiological image did not suffer major changes. If there were any such changes, therapeutic options could be proposed.

Keywords:
Acoustic neuroma
Vestibular schwannoma
Sensorineural hearing loss
Unilateral hearing loss
Tinnitus
Resumen
Introducción

El neurinoma del acústico es un tumour benigno que se origina en la rama vestibular del viii par craneal. Su tratamiento de elección es quirúrgico, pero muchos autores defienden que en pacientes de edad avanzada o en neurinomas de pequeño tamaño se puede optar por simple vigilancia.

Métodos

Estudio retrospectivo, del 2007 al 2013, que incluye a 27 pacientes diagnosticados de neurinoma del acústico que no fueron tratados, bien por el tamaño del tumour, por la edad y las comorbilidades asociadas, o por decisión del paciente. Se evaluaron el estado general, los umbrales auditivos, el grado de paresia canalicular y las posibles alteraciones a nivel central.

Resultados

A los 6 años de seguimiento, la clínica –hipoacusia (70%), acúfeno (15%) y vértigo (4%)– de 18 pacientes se mantuvo sin variaciones; 5 casos experimentaron caída del umbral auditivo y desarrollaron acúfeno, 2 casos intensificaron su acúfeno y 2 casos presentaron vértigo. Los controles radiológicos por resonancia magnética demostraron que los diámetros máximos iniciales (5–16mm) se incrementaron en 1.7mm como media, con tasas de crecimiento anual inferiores a 0,5mm.

Conclusión

En casos seleccionados, neurinomas de pequeño tamaño y pacientes de edad avanzada, la opción conservadora mediante vigilancia estrecha con resonancia magnética es una alternativa importante, puesto que, según nuestra muestra, ni la clínica ni la imagen radiológica sufren cambios significativos y, en caso de que lo hagan, siempre estamos a tiempo de una actuación terapéutica.

Palabras clave:
Neurinoma del acústico
Schwannoma vestibular
Hipoacusia neurosensorial
Hipoacusia unilateral
Acúfeno

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