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Vol. 23. Issue 3.
Pages 208-214 (September - December 2022)
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Vol. 23. Issue 3.
Pages 208-214 (September - December 2022)
Special article
Study of the prevention and control campaign for the hepatitis A outbreak in men who have sex with men in Seville (2016–2018)
Estudio de la campaña de prevención y control del brote de hepatitis A en hombres que tienen sexo con hombres en Sevilla (2016-2018)
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María Concepción Galdeano Osunaa,b,
Corresponding author
mc.galdeano.osuna@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, María Baca Fuentesa,b, Beatriz Jiménez Navajoa,b, Miguel Porras-Povedanoa
a Servicio Epidemiología, Hospital de la Merced (Osuna), Sevilla, Spain
b Unidad Docente Multiprofesional Atención Familiar y Comunitaria de Sevilla, Spain
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Abstract
Introduction

In developed countries, several hepatitis A outbreaks have been documented in the last years in relation to sexual transmission, affecting mainly men who have sex with men. This work aims to describe the characteristics of the outbreak in the province of Seville from 2016 to 2018, as well as the vaccination campaign that took place to manage the outbreak.

Methods

Descriptive study of the hepatitis A incidence from 2016 to 2018 in males between 18 and 64 years of age in the province of Seville, as well as the vaccination coverage in males of that age in that period. Data collected from RedAlerta and Diraya Vacunas.

Results

From 2016 to 2018 in the province of Seville, 499 hepatitis A cases were diagnosed in males between 18 and 65 years of age. During this time, 4676 males between 18 and 65 were vaccinated against hepatitis A, with a mean age of 35. There was a drop in the numbers of vaccinations in 2017 coinciding with a vaccine shortage after which the vaccination rate grew, accompanied by a decrease in cases (20%).

Conclusions

Hepatitis A is a public health problem that in countries with low endemicity, like Spain, is linked to high-risk groups, like HSH. The vaccine campaign is essential in the management of the outbreak, but so are the population's information and awareness.

Keywords:
Hepatitis A
Vaccine
Men who have sex with men
Epidemiology
Outbreak
Abbreviations:
HA
HAV
MSM
ND
Resumen
Introducción

En países desarrollados, una de las principales vías de transmisión de la hepatitis A es la sexual, afectando a grupos de riesgo como hombres que tienen sexo con hombres. Se han descrito brotes de Hepatitis A en los últimos años en relación con este colectivo, siendo el último de 2016 a 2018. En este trabajo se describe las características del brote y la campaña de vacunación en la provincia de Sevilla en estos años.

Material y método

Estudio descriptivo de la incidencia de casos de HA entre 2016 y 2018 en varones entre 18 y 64 años en la provincia de Sevilla, así como de la cobertura vacunal en hombres de esa edad y provincia en el mismo periodo. Datos recogidos mediante la RedAlerta y Diraya Vacunas.

Resultados

En la provincia de Sevilla entre 2016 y 2018 se diagnosticaron 499 casos de hepatitis A en varones entre 18 y 65 años, con edad media de 34±13,67 años. Durante este periodo de tiempo, 4676 varones de entre 18 y 65 años recibieron la vacuna de virus de hepatitis A. En 2017 hubo un desabastecimiento de vacunas que frenó el número de vacunaciones, tras lo cual se reanudó con un descenso progresivo de casos (20%).

Conclusiones

En países con endemicidad baja, como España, la Hepatitis A está asociada a determinados grupos de riesgo como HSH. La campaña de vacunación, así como de información y concienciación es fundamental para el control de brotes.

Palabras clave:
Hepatitis A
Vacuna
Hombres que tienen sexo con hombres
Epidemiología
Brote

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