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Vol. 56. Issue 1.
Pages 58-68 (January - March 2023)
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Vol. 56. Issue 1.
Pages 58-68 (January - March 2023)
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Recommendations for optimizing the use of cytology in the diagnosis and management of patients with lung cancer
Recomendaciones para optimizar el uso de la citología en el diagnóstico y manejo de pacientes con cáncer de pulmón
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María D. Lozanoa,
Corresponding author
E.mdlozano@unav.es

Corresponding author.
, Amparo Benitob, Tania Labianoc, Lara Pijuand, Eva Tejerinae, Héctor Torresf, Javier Gómez-Románg
a Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
b Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
c Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
d Hospital Universitari Bellvitge, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
e Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain
f Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
g Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Universidad de Cantabria, IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
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Abstract

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the oncological entities with the greatest evolution in molecular diagnosis due to the large number of diagnostic biomarkers and new treatments approved by international regulatory agencies. An accurate, early diagnosis using the least amount of tissue is the goal for the establishing and developing precision medicine for these patients. Rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) provides cytological samples of optimal quantity and quality for a complete diagnosis of NSCLC. The usefulness of cytological samples has been demonstrated, not only for massive parallel sequencing but also for the quantification of the expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and tumour mutational burden (TMB).

Pre-analytical, analytical, and post-analytical recommendations are made for the management and appropriate use of cytological samples in order to obtain all the information necessary for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with NSCLC according to current quality parameters.

Keywords:
Biomarkers
Cytodiagnosis
Prognostic factors
Predictive factors
Neoplasms
Resumen

El cáncer de pulmón de célula no pequeña es la patología oncológica que más está evolucionando con respecto al diagnóstico molecular por la ingente cantidad de biomarcadores diagnósticos y nuevos tratamientos aprobados por las agencias regulatorias internacionales. La incorporación de la valoración in situ (Rapid On Site Evaluation) de las muestras obtenidas por punción-aspiración con aguja fina permite la obtención de muestras citológicas en cantidad y calidad óptimas para acometer un diagnóstico completo del cáncer de pulmón de célula no pequeña. La citología ha demostrado su utilidad en la secuenciación masiva, la determinación de la expresión del ligando 1 de muerte programada (programmed death-ligand 1) y de la carga mutacional (tumour mutational burden).

En este documento se establecen recomendaciones preanalíticas, analíticas y postanalíticas que permiten manejar y aprovechar adecuadamente la muestra citológica para obtener toda la información necesaria para el diagnóstico y tratamiento del paciente con cáncer de pulmón de célula no pequeña con los parámetros de calidad exigibles hoy en día.

Palabras clave:
Biomarcadores
Citodiagnóstico
Factores pronósticos
Factores predictivos
Neoplasmas

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