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Revista Española de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología (English Edition)
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Vol. 51. Issue 1.
Pages 42-50 (January - February 2007)
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Vol. 51. Issue 1.
Pages 42-50 (January - February 2007)
Orthopedic update
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Modular Ankle Arthroplasty
Artroplastia modular de tobillo
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M. Núñez-Samper
Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery Service, Virgen del Mar Clinic, Madrid. Spain
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Total ankle replacement (TAR) is currently a procedure used in a limited number of concrete cases. These cases must have sufficient bone and ligament integrity to allow ankle stability and mobility so that joint function is not solely dependent on the prosthesis. To obtain satisfactory results careful preoperative planning and risk assessment are necessary. Most current TARs have 3 components and have been designed to be placed with a minimum amount of bone resection: their main function is to act as a resurfacing prosthesis.

These conditions are met by a pro sthesis with a mobile intermediate component, which has cemented and non-cemented versions that allow for bone quality to be assessed during surgery. They are implanted using an anterior approach and instrumentation is simple. However, before performing this surgical procedure it is advisable to carry out some experimental implants.

The results we obtained in our first series using the Ramses® model gave us reason to be optimistic about the future of this procedure. However, we believe that this model should be improved, both for use in primary TAR and in revisions of failed TAR.

Key words:
ankle
ankle prosthesis
total ankle replacement (TAR)
ankle arthroplasty

La implantación de prótesis total de tobillo es hoy por hoy una indicación limitada a casos muy concretos, casos que dispongan de integridad osteoligamentaria suficiente para facilitar la estabilidad y movilidad del tobillo y no ser la prótesis la única responsable de la función articular. El conocimiento de los riesgos y la minuciosa planificación preoperatoria deben ser factores conocidos para lograr resultados satisfactorios. La mayoría de las actuales artroplastias totales de tobillo que se implantan han sido desarrolladas con tres componentes y diseñadas para ser colocadas con una mínima resección ósea, actuando fundamentalmente como prótesis de resuperficialización.

Estas condiciones las reúnen las prótesis con componente intermedio móvil, cuyas versiones no cementadas, y cementada, permiten valorar en el mismo acto quirúrgico la calidad del hueso. Su implantación se realiza por vía anterior y la instrumentación es sencilla. Sin embargo, es recomendable hacer antes de su colocación algún tipo de implantación experimental. Los resultados que hemos obtenido en una primera serie del modelo Ramses® nos hacen ser optimistas en cuanto se refiere al futuro. No obstante, pensamos que estos modelos todavía deben ser mejorados tanto en su implantación primaria como para la revisión de aquellos casos que fracasen.

Palabras clave:
tobillo
prótesis de tobillo
artroplastia total de tobillo
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Copyright © 2007. Sociedad Española de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología (SECOT). All rights reserved
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