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Vol. 65. Issue 5.
Pages 269-274 (May 2018)
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Vol. 65. Issue 5.
Pages 269-274 (May 2018)
Review
Intravenous lidocaine infusion
Perfusión de lidocaína intravenosa
Visits
18
G. Sotoa,?
Corresponding author
dr.germansoto@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, M. Naranjo Gonzálezb, F. Caleroa
a Médico Anestesiólogo, Hospital Escuela Eva Perón, Granadero Baigorria, Argentina
b Médica Anestesióloga, Clínica de Mérida, Mérida, Mexico
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Abstract

Systemic lidocaine used in continuous infusion during the peri-operative period has analgesic, anti-hyperalgesic, as well as anti-inflammatory properties. This makes it capable of reducing the use of opioids and inhalational anaesthetics, and the early return of bowel function, and patient hospital stay. The aim of this narrative review was to highlight the pharmacology and indications for clinical application, along with new and interesting research areas. The clinical applications of peri-operative lidocaine infusion have been reviewed in several recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses in patients undergoing open and laparoscopic abdominal procedures, ambulatory procedures, and other types of surgery. Peri-operative lidocaine infusion may be a useful analgesic adjunct in enhanced recovery protocols. Potential benefits of intravenous lidocaine in chronic post-surgical pain, post-operative cognitive dysfunction, and cancer recurrence are under investigation. Due to its immunomodulation properties over surgical stress, current evidence suggests that intravenous lidocaine could be used in the context of multimodal analgesia.

Keywords:
Intravenous lidocaine
Opioid free anaesthesia
Opioid-induced hyperalgesia
Post-operative cognitive dysfunction
Cancer recurrence
Resumen

La perfusión perioperatoria de lidocaína intravenosa tiene propiedades analgésicas, antihiperalgésicas y antiinflamatorias, disminuyendo el consumo de opioides y agentes volátiles, brindando una rápida recuperación de la función intestinal y alta hospitalaria. Esta revisión narrativa tiene como objetivo exponer su farmacología e indicaciones para su aplicación en la clínica anestésica. Recientes revisiones sistemáticas y metaanálisis confirman su empleo en cirugía abdominal videolaparoscópica y abierta, como también en otros tipos de cirugía, destacándose su uso en protocolos de pronta recuperación. Potenciales beneficios en dolor crónico posoperatorio, disfunción cognitiva posoperatoria y recurrencia de cáncer están siendo investigados. La evidencia actual avala su administración en el contexto de analgesia multimodal debido a sus propiedades inmunomoduladoras sobre el estrés quirúrgico, considerándose un fármaco necesario en la clínica perioperatoria moderna.

Palabras clave:
Lidocaína intravenosa
Anestesia libre de opioides
Hiperalgesia inducida por opioides
Disfunción cognitiva posoperatoria
Recurrencia de cáncer

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