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Inicio Revista Española de Anestesiología y Reanimación (English Edition) Adding intrathecal midazolam to local anesthetics improves sensory and motor blo...
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Vol. 71. Issue 3.
Pages 248-256 (March 2024)
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Vol. 71. Issue 3.
Pages 248-256 (March 2024)
Review
Adding intrathecal midazolam to local anesthetics improves sensory and motor block and reduces pain score without increasing side effects in lower limb surgeries: A meta-analysis and systematic review
La adición de midazolam intratecal al anestésico local mejora los bloqueos sensorial y motor y reduce la puntuación del dolor sin incrementar los efectos secundarios en la cirugía de miembros inferiores. Metaanálisis y revisión sistemática
A.U. Hudaa,
Corresponding author
hudaanwar90@yahoo.com

Corresponding author.
, M.Z. Mughalb
a Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
b Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Abstract

This meta-analysis was done to investigate the role of intrathecal midazolam in lower limb surgeries regarding prolongation of spinal block, postoperative pain control and associated side effects. The included studies reported onset and duration of sensory and motor block, time to first request analgesia, 24h opioid consumption, postoperative pain control, and associated side effects following use of intrathecal midazolam for lower limb surgeries. This review was performed following the PRISMA guidelines and using the online databases, Medline, Science Direct, Google scholar and Cochrane library. We registered this review with the PROSPERO database (ID-CRD42022346361) in August 2022. A total of 10 randomised controlled trials were included in this meta-analysis.

Our results showed patients receiving 1mg intrathecal midazolam showed significantly faster onset of sensory block [P=.001 (CI: −0.98, −0.31)]. Duration of sensory and motor block were also significantly prolonged in intrathecal midazolam group [P<.00001 (CI: 18.08, 39.12), P=.002 (CI: 0.45, 2). Intrathecal midazolam also increased the time to first request analgesia [P=.0003, (CI: 1.22, 4.14)]. Pain scores at 4 and 12h postoperatively were significantly lower in patients receiving intrathecal midazolam [P=.00001 (CI: −1.20, −0.47) and P=.05 (CI: −0.52, −0.01) respectively]. In conclusion, the addition of intrathecal midazolam to local anesthetics in lower limb surgeries results in early onset of sensory and motor block. It also increases the duration of sensory and motor block. The time to first request analgesia is increased. VAS pain scores at 4 and 12h postoperatively were also lower without any increased side effects.

Keywords:
Intrathecal midazolam
Pain score
Lower limb surgery
Opioids consumption
Sensory block
Motor block
Resumen

Este metaanálisis investiga el impacto de midazolam intratecal en la anestesia espinal, el control del dolor postoperatorio y los efectos secundarios relacionados con la anestesia en la cirugía de miembros inferiores. Realizamos una búsqueda en Medline, Science Direct, Google Scholar y Cochrane Library de los estudios que reportaron el inicio y la duración de los bloqueos sensorial y motor, el tiempo transcurrido hasta la primera solicitud de analgesia, el consumo de opioides durante 24 horas, el control del dolor postoperatorio, y los efectos secundarios tras la administración de midazolam intratecal en pacientes sometidos a cirugía de miembros inferiores. Se identificaron diez estudios, que se incluyeron en el metaanálisis. La revisión fue realizada siguiendo las directrices PRISMA, registrándose en la base de datos PROSPERO (ID-CRD42022346361) en agosto de 2022.

Nuestros resultados muestran que los pacientes que reciben 1mg de midazolam intratecal reflejaron un tiempo de inicio de bloqueo significativamente más alto (P=,001 (IC: −0,98, −0,31)], mayor duración de los bloqueos sensorial y motor [P<,00001 (IC: 18,08, 39,12), P=,002 (IC: 0,45, 2), y mayor tiempo transcurrido hasta la primera solicitud de analgesia de rescate [P=,0003, (IC: 1,22, 4,14)]. Las puntuaciones de dolor a las 4 y 12 horas postoperatorias fueron significativamente inferiores en los pacientes que recibieron midazolam intratecal [P=,00001 (IC: −1,20, −0,47) y P=,05 (IC: −0,52, −0,01) respectivamente]. En conclusión, la adición de midazolam intratecal al anestésico local en la cirugía de miembros inferiores acorta el tiempo de inicio de los bloqueos sensorial y motor, incrementa la duración del bloqueo, y prolonga el tiempo transcurrido hasta la primera solicitud de analgesia. Las puntuaciones del dolor a las 4 y 12 horas postoperatorias fueron menores, no observándose efectos secundarios adicionales.

Palabras clave:
Midazolam intratecal
Puntuación del dolor
Cirugía de miembros inferiores
Consumo de opioides
Bloqueo sensorial
Bloqueo motor

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