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Vol. 54. Issue 5.
Pages 387-400 (September - October 2012)
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Vol. 54. Issue 5.
Pages 387-400 (September - October 2012)
Update in radiology
Usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging in the prenatal study of malformations of the face and neck
Utilidad de la resonancia magnética en el estudio prenatal de las malformaciones de la cara y el cuello
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A. Zugazaga Cortazar
Corresponding author
anderzugazaga@hotmail.com

Corresponding author.
, C. Martín Martínez
Centre de Diagnòstic per l’Imatge, UDIAT-CD, Institut Universitari Parc Taulí-UAB, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract

Sonography has been the fundamental pillar of fetal diagnosis, and until relatively recently, no other valid and reliable non-invasive technique that could adequately determine fetal morphology was available. However, even after the technological advances in obstetric sonography, is still unable to detect some anomalies. One example of this shortcoming is the morphological study of the face and neck. Owing to the ossification of adjacent structures and interposition of the tongue, sonography is not accurate in the detection of some of the most common anomalies.

Enormous advances have been made in fetal magnet resonance imaging since it was first described 25 years ago. The usefulness of this modality as a tool to complement sonography in fetal evaluation is now firmly established. MRI provides useful information about orofacial anatomy, enabling accurate evaluation of both the primary and secondary palates.

Keywords:
Prenatal diagnosis
Magnetic resonance imaging
Congenital abnormalities
Face
Resumen

La ecografía ha sido el pilar único y fundamental del diagnóstico fetal dado que, hasta hace relativamente poco tiempo, no existía ninguna otra técnica no invasiva, válida y fiable que permitiera una correcta valoración morfológica prenatal. A pesar del gran avance tecnológico en ecografía obstétrica no todas las anomalías son visibles mediante esta técnica. Respecto al estudio morfológico de la cara, la ecografía no siempre permite valorarla correctamente, circunstancia manifiesta en la evaluación del paladar, debido a la osificación de las estructuras adyacentes y a la superposición de la lengua.

La resonancia magnética fetal ha evolucionado considerablemente desde que se describió hace 25 años y se ha convertido en una herramienta incuestionable para la valoración fetal. Ha demostrado ser complementaria a la ecografía añadiendo información útil sobre la anatomía orofacial y permitiendo así una valoración precisa tanto del paladar primario, como del secundario.

Palabras clave:
Estudio prenatal
Resonancia magnética
Anomalías congénitas
Cara

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