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Radiología (English Edition) The use of imaging tests in paediatric button battery ingestion complications
Journal Information
Update in Radiology
Available online 16 October 2025
The use of imaging tests in paediatric button battery ingestion complications
Utilidad de las pruebas de imagen en las complicaciones por la ingestión de pilas de botón en niños
N.M. Buitrago Sáncheza,
Corresponding author
, G. Serra del Carpiob, C. Oterino Serranoa, E. Alonso Gamarraa, M. Bret Zuritaa, M. Parrón Pajaresa
a Sección de Radiología Pediátrica, Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
b Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
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Tables (3)
Table 1. Complications of button battery ingestion.
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Table 2. Characteristics and findings on imaging studies.
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Table 3. Imaging Indications for the Follow-Up of Complications from Button Battery Ingestion.
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Abstract

The ingestion of foreign bodies is a common issue among children, especially those under the age of three. Most pass through the gastrointestinal tract without any complications. However, button batteries are associated with a higher risk of complications, particularly in infants or when batteries are larger, due to the risk of oesophageal impaction, which can cause severe injuries. The initial clinical presentation is ambiguous, delaying and complicating diagnosis. There are times when complications are only suspected after symptoms become severe. Radiography, oesophagography, computerised tomography, and magnetic resonance are used in the diagnostic process. Oesophageal perforation or stenosis, mediastinitis, and tracheal or vascular fistulas are among the most serious complications. Episodes of gastrointestinal bleeding are associated with high death rates. This article examines the usefulness of imaging tests in the initial diagnosis, complication detection and follow-up.

Keywords:
Foreign body
Button battery
Children
Oesophagus
Computed tomography angiography
Magnetic resonance imaging
Oesophageal perforation
Tracheoesophageal fistula
Aortoesophageal fistula
Resumen

La ingestión de cuerpos extraños es un problema prevalente en niños, en particular menores de 3 años. La mayoría pasan y se eliminan por el tracto gastrointestinal sin complicaciones. Sin embargo, las pilas de botón asocian mayor tasa de complicaciones, especialmente en niños más pequeños y cuando son de mayor calibre por el riesgo de impactación esofágica que puede derivar en graves lesiones. El cuadro clínico inicial es inespecífico, lo que dificulta y retrasa el diagnóstico, y en ocasiones son los síntomas graves los que advierten de las complicaciones. En el proceso diagnóstico se emplean la radiografía, el esofagograma, la tomografía computarizada y la resonancia magnética. Las complicaciones graves incluyen perforación y estenosis esofágica, mediastinitis y fístulas traqueales o vasculares, con episodios de hemorragia digestiva de alta mortalidad. Revisamos la utilidad de las pruebas de imagen en el diagnóstico inicial, la detección de las complicaciones y el seguimiento.

Palabras clave:
Cuerpo extraño
Pila de botón
Niños
Esófago
Angiotomografía computarizada
Resonancia magnética
Perforación esofágica
Fístula traqueoesofágica
Fístula aortoesofágica

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