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Vol. 65. Issue 5.
Pages 473-480 (September - October 2023)
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Vol. 65. Issue 5.
Pages 473-480 (September - October 2023)
Article from a resident
Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw: the radiologist’s role
Osteonecrosis maxilar relacionada con la medicación: el papel del radiólogo
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R. Alemán Millares
Corresponding author
raleman@povisa.es

Corresponding author.
, E. Santos Armentia, S. Del Campo Estepar, M. Novoa Ferro
Departamento de Radiología, Hospital Ribera Povisa, Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
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Table 1. Drug groups related to MRONJ and their indications.
Table 2. Main radiological signs on orthopantomography and computed tomography images.
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Abstract

In recent decades, the dreaded adverse effect of bisphosphonates, osteonecrosis of the jaw, has been widely reported and described in detail. Osteonecrosis of the jaw consists of the destruction of part of the maxilla as a consequence of these antiresorptive drugs. In recent years, new drugs that can also cause osteonecrosis of the jaw (e.g., some monoclonal antibodies or antiangiogenic drugs) have come on the market. For this reason, the term “bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw” has been replaced with “medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ).

This review aims to describe the radiologic characteristics of MRONJ that, although nonspecific, radiologists need to recognize in the appropriate clinical context.

Keywords:
Osteonecrosis of the jaw
Bisphosphonates
Radiology
Computed tomography
Magnetic resonance imaging
Resumen

En las últimas décadas se ha descrito ampliamente y se ha llegado a conocer en profundidad un temido efecto adverso de los bisfosfonatos, la osteonecrosis maxilar, que consiste en la destrucción ósea de parte del hueso maxilar como consecuencia del consumo de estos fármacos antirresortivos. En los últimos años han salido a la luz nuevos fármacos que también pueden ocasionar osteonecrosis maxilar, como algunos anticuerpos monoclonales o fármacos antiangiogénicos. Es por esto por lo que el término de “osteonecrosis maxilar por bisfosfonatos” ha quedado obsoleto, prefiriéndose el término de “osteonecrosis maxilar relacionada con la medicación”.

El objetivo de esta revisión es describir las características radiológicas de la osteonecrosis maxilar relacionada con la medicación que, aunque son inespecíficas, es importante que el radiólogo las reconozca en el marco clínico adecuado.

Palabras clave:
Osteonecrosis maxilar
Bisfosfonatos
Radiología
Tomografía computarizada
Resonancia magnética

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