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Vol. 54. Issue 2.
Pages 124-136 (March - April 2012)
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Vol. 54. Issue 2.
Pages 124-136 (March - April 2012)
Update in radiology
Imaging in epilepsy: Functional studies
Imagen en epilepsia: estudios funcionales
Visits
7162
N. Bargalló Alabart
Corresponding author
bargallo@clinic.ub.es

Corresponding author.
, X. Setoain Parego
Centre de Diagnòstic per la Imatge, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain
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Table 1. Features of SPECT and PET.
Abstract

Neuroimaging studies play a fundamental role in the diagnosis and evaluation of epilepsy. Technological advances in neuroimaging techniques have made it possible to obtain functional as well as structural information. The pathophysiology of epilepsy consists of an abnormal increase in cerebral activity that can be appreciated on neuroimaging techniques such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). In patients with epilepsy that is refractory to drug therapy, the main aim of surgery is to control seizures and thus to improve the quality of life. In the preoperative workup of these patients, fMRI has an increasingly important role, evaluating the location of functional areas that must be safeguarded during surgery.

Keywords:
Epilepsy
Functional magnetic resonance imaging
Positron emission tomography
Single photon emission computed tomography
Resumen

Los estudios de neuroimagen tienen un papel fundamental en la evaluación y diagnóstico de la epilepsia. Los avances tecnológicos que se han producido en las técnicas de neuroimagen permiten en la actualidad obtener información no solo estructural, sino también funcional. La fisiopatología de la epilepsia consiste en un aumento anómalo de la actividad cerebral que puede llegar a apreciarse mediante técnicas de neuroimagen, como por ejemplo la RM funcional (RMf), la tomografía por emisión de positrones (PET) y la tomografía por emisión de fotón simple (SPECT). En pacientes con epilepsia farmacorresistente, la cirugía tiene como objetivo principal el control de las crisis, y por tanto mejorar la calidad de vida. La RMf juega un papel cada vez más relevante en la valoración prequirúrgica de estos pacientes, evaluando la localización de áreas funcionales que deben evitar lesionarse durante el acto quirúrgico.

Palabras clave:
Epilepsia
Resonancia magnética funcional
Tomografía por emisión de positrones
Tomografía por emisión de fotón simple

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