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Radiología (English Edition)

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Radiología (English Edition) Chest computed tomography findings in different phases of SARS-CoV-2 infection
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Vol. 63. Issue 3.
Pages 207-304 (May - June 2021)
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Vol. 63. Issue 3.
Pages 207-304 (May - June 2021)
Original articles

Chest computed tomography findings in different phases of SARS-CoV-2 infection

Hallazgos en la tomografía computarizada de tórax en las fases evolutivas de la infección por SARS-CoV-2
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I. Soriano Aguadero
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isoriano@unav.es

Corresponding author.
, A. Ezponda Casajús, F. Mendoza Ferradas, A. Igual Rouilleault, A. Paternain Nuin, J. Pueyo Villoslada, G. Bastarrika
Departamento de Radiología, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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Abstract
Objective

To compare the findings on chest computed tomography (CT) in patients with COVID-19 during different phases of the disease and to evaluate the reproducibility of a visual radiologic score for estimating the extent of lung involvement.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed chest CT studies from 182 patients with RT-PCR findings positive for SARS-CoV-2. Patients were classified according to the time elapsed from the onset of symptoms, as follows: early (0–4 days), intermediate/progressive (5–9 days), or advanced (≥10 days). We analysed the frequency of each radiologic finding, as well as the pattern, appearance, and predominant distribution of lung involvement. A visual tomographic score (range, 0−25) was used to estimate the extent of involvement in each lobe and in the total lung volume.

Results

The predominant CT finding was the ground-glass pattern (n = 110; 60.4%), the most common distribution was peripheral (n = 116; 66.7%), and the most prevalent appearance was typical (n = 112; 61.5%). The halo sign was seen most frequently in the early phase (25%), whereas ground-glass opacities were more common in the intermediate/progressive and advanced phases. The median severity score was 10 (IQR: 5–13), and the scores increased as the disease progressed. The interobserver agreement (kappa) was 0.92 for the appearance, 0.84 for the distribution, 0.70 for the predominant pattern, and 0.89 for the visual score.

Conclusion

The CT findings in patients with COVID-19 vary with the course of the infection. The proposed visual radiologic score is a simple, reproducible, and reliable tool for assessing lung involvement in COVID-19 pneumonia.

Keywords:
Computed tomography
Pneumonia
COVID-19
Resumen
Objetivo

Comparar los hallazgos radiológicos mediante tomografía computarizada (TC) torácica en pacientes con COVID-19 en diferentes fases de la enfermedad y evaluar la reproducibilidad de unscore radiológico visual para estimar la extensión de la afectación pulmonar.

Métodos

Se evaluaron retrospectivamente las tomografías computarizadas de tórax de 182 pacientes con RT-PCR positiva para SARS-CoV-2. En función del tiempo de evolución de la infección, los pacientes fueron clasificados en tres grupos/estadios: fase precoz (0–4 días), intermedia/progresiva (5–9 días) y avanzada (≥10 días). Se analizó la frecuencia de cada hallazgo radiológico, así como el patrón, la apariencia y la distribución predominantes de la afectación pulmonar. La extensión de la afectación pulmonar se estimó para cada lóbulo pulmonar y para el volumen pulmonar total mediante un score tomográfico visual (rango 0−25).

Resultados

El hallazgo tomográfico predominante fue el patrón en vidrio deslustrado (n = 110, 60,4%), la distribución más frecuente, la periférica (n = 116, 66,7%) y la apariencia más prevalente, la típica (n = 112, 61,5%). El “signo del halo” se encontró más frecuentemente en la fase precoz (25%), mientras que las opacidades en vidrio deslustrado, el patrón en empedrado y las líneas subpleurales fueron más frecuentes en las fases intermedia/progresiva y avanzada. La mediana delscore de gravedad fue de 10 (RIQ: 5–13), aumentando los valores con la progresión de la enfermedad. El acuerdo interobservador (kappa, k) para la apariencia, la distribución y el patrón predominante, así como para el score visual fueron de 0,92; 0,84; 0,70, y 0,89; respectivamente.

Conclusión

Los hallazgos tomográficos en la COVID-19 varían con el curso de la infección. Elscore radiológico sugerido es una herramienta sencilla, reproducible y fiable para evaluar la afectación pulmonar en la neumonía COVID-19.

Palabras clave:
Tomografía computarizada
Neumonía
COVID-19

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