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Radiología (English Edition)

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Radiología (English Edition) Acute pulmonary embolism: Appropriateness of emergency department management acc...
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Vol. 64. Issue 4.
Pages 289-392 (July - August 2022)
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Vol. 64. Issue 4.
Pages 289-392 (July - August 2022)
Original articles

Acute pulmonary embolism: Appropriateness of emergency department management according to clinical guidelines

Tromboembolismo pulmonar agudo: adecuación del manejo de pacientes según las guías de práctica clínica en el servicio de urgencias
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A.J. Láinez-Ramos-Bossinia,b,
Corresponding author
ajbossini@ugr.es

Corresponding author.
, S. Moreno-Suárezc, M.C. Pérez-Garcíaa, R. Gálvez-Lópezc, F. Garrido Sanza, M. Rivera-Izquierdoa,d
a Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
b Programa de Doctorado en Medicina Clínica y Salud Pública, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
c Servicio de Urgencias, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
d Servicio de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
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Abstract
Background and aims

To evaluate the frequency of acute pulmonary embolism, the use of clinical probability scores, and the appropriateness of the management of patients for whom computed tomography angiography (CTA) was requested from the emergency department for suspected acute pulmonary embolism.

Materials and methods

This was a retrospective observational study of CTA studies requested from the emergency department to rule out acute pulmonary embolism. We analyzed clinical variables and the explicit use of clinical probability scores. We determined the appropriateness of management according to the Wells Score and Geneva Score and the simplified versions of these two scores, calculated retrospectively.

Results

We included 534 patients (52.8% women; mean age, 73 years). The frequency of acute pulmonary embolism was 23.0% and the Wells Score was explicitly used in 15.2%. The appropriateness of the management varied depending on the clinical probability score used to assess it (54.5%–75.8%) and on whether the standard d-dimer or age-adjusted d-dimer was used.

Conclusions

The failure to use the Wells Scores in all cases does not necessarily imply inappropriate management, and the performance of global clinical judgment can be similar to that of clinical probability scores; however, specific studies are necessary to confirm this hypothesis.

Keywords:
Pulmonary embolism
Computed tomography angiography
Adherence to clinical guidelines
Clinical decision rules
Predictive value of tests
d-dimer
Resumen
Antecedentes y objetivo

Evaluar la frecuencia de tromboembolismo pulmonar agudo (TEPA), el uso de escalas de probabilidad clínica (EPC) y la adecuación del manejo de los pacientes a los que se solicitó angiografía pulmonar por tomografía computarizada (angio-TC) por sospecha de TEPA desde el servicio de urgencias.

Materiales y métodos

Estudio observacional retrospectivo de las angio-TC solicitadas desde el servicio de urgencias para descartar TEPA. Se analizaron variables clínicas y el uso explícito de EPC. Se determinó la adecuación del manejo en función de las escalas de Wells (EW) y Ginebra (EG) y sus versiones simplificadas (EWs y EGs), calculadas retrospectivamente.

Resultados

Se incluyeron 534 pacientes (52,8% mujeres, mediana de edad: 73 años). La frecuencia de TEPA fue del 23,0% y el uso explícito de la EW, del 15,2%. La adecuación del manejo fue variable dependiendo de la EPC (54,5-75,8%) y del dímero D estándar o ajustado por edad.

Conclusiones

La baja utilización explícita de la EW no conlleva un manejo inadecuado, y el juicio clínico global puede ofrecer un rendimiento similar a las EPC, pero es necesario realizar estudios específicos para comprobar esta hipótesis.

Palabras clave:
Embolia pulmonar
Angiografía por tomografía computarizada
Adherencia a guías de práctica clínica
Reglas de decisión clínica
Valor predictivo de las pruebas
Dímero D

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