Rasmussen's Aneurysm: Beyond Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Rodríguez-Vega, Eric Andrey; Bravo-Gutiérrez, Ana Linet; Pérez-Orozco, Bernardo

doi:10.1016/j.opresp.2025.100419

ISSN: 2659-6636

Open Respiratory Archives is one of the official publications from the Spanish Respiratory Society of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery (SEPAR) and a companion title to the highly-regarded Archivos de Bronconeumología.

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A 59-year-old man with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes. He came to the emergency room with hemoptysis and clinical data of respiratory failure. Computed tomography pulmonary angiogram (CTPA) showed the presence of a saccular aneurysm of the middle lobe pulmonary artery (Fig. 1). Medial lobectomy and non-anatomic segmentectomy were performed, identifying a 3cm×3cm intracavitary aneurysm. The histopathological report confirmed the diagnosis of pulmonary mucormycosis. Treatment with liposomal amphotericin B was started, presenting adequate clinical evolution. Rasmussen's aneurysm, classically associated with pulmonary tuberculosis, currently includes any aneurysm linked to destructive diseases of the pulmonary parenchyma.1 Mucormycosis, an invasive fungal infection, has the ability to compromise the vascular wall favoring the formation of aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms in the pulmonary vascular system.2

Fig. 1.

(A and B) Axial and coronal image of computed tomography pulmonary angiogram (CTPA) in (mediastinal window) shows a 3cm×3cm contrast-enhanced saccular lesion in the lateral segment of the middle lobe (arrow). (C) Coronal section vascular reconstruction image shows a middle lobe pulmonary artery-dependent saccular lesion (arrow). (D) Surgical specimen showing a cavitated structure of approximately 4cm×4cm, with irregular borders of predominantly hemorrhagic appearance.

Informed consent

Ethics committee approval and written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of the article.

Funding

There was no funding source in this study.

Authors’ contributions

All authors have participated equally in the preparation, writing and revision of the manuscript.

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare to have no conflict of interest directly or indirectly related to the manuscript contents.

References

[1]

A. Jaureguizar Oriol, A.M. Ayala Carbonero, L. Gorospe Sarasúa.

Life-threatening hemoptysis secondary to Rasmussen's aneurysm in an HIV patient.