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Inicio Medicina Clínica (English Edition) Value of increased soluble suppressor tumorigenicity biomarker 2 (sST2) on admis...
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Vol. 161. Issue 5.
Pages 185-191 (September 2023)
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Vol. 161. Issue 5.
Pages 185-191 (September 2023)
Original article
Value of increased soluble suppressor tumorigenicity biomarker 2 (sST2) on admission as an indicator of severity in patients with COVID-19
Valor del aumento del biomarcador supresor soluble de tumorigenicidad 2 (sST2) al ingreso como indicador de gravedad en pacientes con COVID-19
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María Arnaldos-Carrilloa,b, José Antonio Noguera-Velascoa,b,c, Isabel M. Martínez-Ardilg, Alejandro Riquelme-Pérezb,f, Iria Cebreiros-Lópeza,b,c, Álvaro Hernández-Vicenteb, José Antonio Ros-Lucash,i, Amjad Khank, Antoni Bayes-Genísf,j, Domingo Pascual-Figalb,c,d,e,f,
Corresponding author
dpascual@um.es

Corresponding author.
a Clinical Laboratory Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
b Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
c IMIB Pascual Parrilla, Murcia, Spain
d Cardiology Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
e Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
f CIBER Cardiovascular, Madrid, Spain
g Family and Community Medicine, Servicio Murciano de Salud, Murcia, Spain
h Pneumology Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
i Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, Spain
j Heart Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
k Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences (NDCLS), Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Tables (3)
Table 1. Distribution of the clinical characteristics at baseline by quartiles of ST2.
Table 2. Distribution of clinical endpoints by quartiles of concentrations of ST2.
Table 3. Logistic regression models for the endpoint all-cause mortality.
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Abstract
Background

Soluble suppressor of tumorigenicity-2 (sST2) is a biomarker for heart failure and pulmonary injury. We hypothesize that sST2 could help predict severity of SARS-CoV-2 infections.

Methods

sST2 was analyzed in patients consecutively admitted for SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. Other prognostic markers were also measured. In-hospital complications were registered, including death, ICU admission, and respiratory support requirements.

Results

495 patients were studied (53% male, age: 57.6±17.6). At admission, median sST2 concentrations was 48.5ng/mL [IQR, 30.6–83.1ng/mL] and correlated with male gender, older age, comorbidities, other severity biomarkers, and respiratory support requirements. sST2 levels were higher in patients who died (n=45, 9.1%) (45.6 [28.0, 75.9]ng/mL vs. 144 [82.6, 319] ng/mL, p<0.001) and those admitted to ICU (n=46, 9.3%) (44.7 [27.5, 71.3] ng/mL vs. 125 [69.0, 262]ng/mL, p<0.001). sST2 levels>210ng/mL were a strong predictor of complicated in-hospital courses, with higher risk of death (OR, 39.3, CI95% 15.9, 103) and death/ICU (OR 38.3, CI95% 16.3–97.5) after adjusting for all other risk factors. The addition of sST2 enhanced the predictive capacity of mortality risk models.

Conclusions

sST2 represents a robust severity predictor in COVID-19 and could be an important tool for identifying at-risk patients who may benefit from closer follow-up and specific therapies.

Keywords:
COVID-19 pneumonia
sST2
Risk stratification
Resumen
Antecedentes

El supresor soluble de tumorigenicidad 2 (sST2) es un biomarcador de insuficiencia cardiaca y daño pulmonar. Nuestra hipótesis es que la determinación de sST2 al ingreso podría ayudar a predecir la gravedad de la infección por SARS-CoV-2.

Métodos

Se analizó la concentración de sST2 en pacientes ingresados por neumonía por SARS-CoV-2, junto con otros biomarcadores pronósticos conocidos. Asimismo, se registraron las complicaciones durante la estancia hospitalaria, incluidas la muerte, el ingreso en Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI) y los requerimientos de soporte respiratorio.

Resultados

Se estudiaron 495 pacientes (53% hombres, edad 57,6 ± 17,6). Al ingreso, la mediana de la concentración de sST2 fue 48,5 ng/mL (índice intercuartílico [IQR] 30,6-83,1 ng/mL) y correlacionó con el género masculino, una mayor edad, comorbilidades, otros biomarcadores de gravedad, así como necesidad de soporte respiratorio. Los niveles de sST2 fueron mayores en pacientes que fallecieron (n = 45, 9,1%) (45,6 [28,0, 75,9] ng/mL vs. 144 [82,6, 319] ng/mL, p < 0,001) y aquellos que requirieron ingreso en UCI (n = 46, 9,3%) (44,7 [27,5, 71,3] ng/mL vs. 125 [69,0, 262] ng/mL, p < 0,001). Así, los valores de sST2 > 210 ng/mL se han demostrado como un fuerte predictor de complicaciones, con un mayor riesgo de fallecimiento (odds ratio [OR], 39,3, intervalo de confianza [IC] 95% 15,9, 103) y fallecimiento o ingreso en UCI (OR 38,3, IC 95% 16,3-97,5), tras el ajuste por todos los demás factores de riesgo. La adición de la determinación de los niveles de sST2 mejoró la potencia predictiva de los modelos de riesgo desarrollados.

Conclusiones

El sST2 representa un predictor robusto de la gravedad en pacientes con COVID-19 y podría convertirse en una herramienta importante para la identificación de pacientes en riesgo que podrían beneficiarse de un mayor seguimiento y terapias específicas.

Palabras clave:
Neumonía por COVID-19
sST2
Estratificación de riesgo

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