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Inicio Medicina Clínica (English Edition) Serum PLA2R antibody as a predictive biomarker for venous thromboembolism risk i...
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Vol. 161. Issue 10.
Pages 417-421 (November 2023)
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Vol. 161. Issue 10.
Pages 417-421 (November 2023)
Original article
Serum PLA2R antibody as a predictive biomarker for venous thromboembolism risk in primary membranous nephropathy
El anticuerpo PLA2R sérico como biomarcador predictivo del riesgo de tromboembolia venosa en la nefropatía membranosa primaria
Jiayi Lia,b, Xu Wangb, Shimin Jiangb, Wenge Lia,b,
Corresponding author
wenge_lee2002@126.com

Corresponding author.
a Department of Nephrology, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
b Department of Nephrology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
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Tables (3)
Table 1. Clinical features and follow-up of PMN patients.
Table 2. Clinical features of PMN with and without VTE between different albumin levels.
Table 3. Cox hazard proportional analysis of risk factors for VTE in PMN.
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Abstract
Background

Patients with nephrotic syndrome are at high risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), especially for primary membranous nephropathy (PMN). The phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) is a marker of primary membranous nephropathy activity. This study investigated the predictive value of PLA2R antibodies in PMN for VTE.

Methods

In this retrospective study, we included 97 PMN patients and evaluated the predictive value of serum PLA2R antibodies for VTE risk. Lower extremity venous ultrasound, renal vein ultrasound, or spiral computed tomography pulmonary arteriography were used to assess VTE events. Serum anti-PLA2R antibodies were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The risk of VTE was stratified according to serum albumin levels.

Results

Twenty PMN patients (21%) had thromboembolic events. Eight (15%) of patients with serum albumin >25g/l developed VTE, 6 of whom were positive for serum PLA2R antibodies. Positive serum PLA2R antibodies were significantly associated with VTE events in patients with serum albumin >25g/l (p=0.01). Age, sex, blood creatinine, serum albumin, and 24-h urine protein levels were not statistically different between the two groups. Kaplan–Meier analysis using the log-rank test revealed anti-PLA2R positive membranous nephropathy patients had more probability of VTE events than anti-PLA2R negative patients. Univariate Cox proportional hazards analysis revealed that lnPLA2R-Ab is an unfavorable predictor for VTE events in patients with serum albumin >25g/l (hazard ratio (HR) 2.1, p=0.01).

Conclusions

The PLA2R antibody was a risk predictor for thromboembolic events in patients with primary membranous nephropathy with serum albumin >25g/l.

Keywords:
Primary membranous nephropathy
Anti-PLA2R antibody
Venal thrombosis
Pulmonary embolism
Resumen
Antecedentes

Los pacientes con síndrome nefrótico presentan un alto riesgo de tromboembolia venosa (TEV), especialmente en el caso de la nefropatía membranosa primaria (NMP). El receptor de fosfolipasa A2 (PLA2R) es un marcador de la actividad de la NMP. Este estudio investigó el valor predictivo de los anticuerpos PLA2R en NMP para TEV.

Métodos

En este estudio retrospectivo, se incluyeron 97 pacientes con NMP y se evaluó el valor predictivo de los anticuerpos PLA2R en suero para el riesgo de TEV. Se utilizaron la ecografía venosa de las extremidades inferiores, la ecografía de la vena renal o la arteriografía pulmonar por tomografía computarizada en espiral para evaluar los episodios de TEV. Los anticuerpos séricos anti-PLA2R se detectaron mediante un ensayo inmunoenzimático (ELISA). El riesgo de TEV se estratificó en función de los niveles de albúmina sérica.

Resultados

Veinte pacientes con NMP (21%) presentaron episodios tromboembólicos. Ocho (15%) de los pacientes con albúmina sérica>25g/l desarrollaron TEV, 6 de los cuales fueron positivos para anticuerpos PLA2R séricos. La positividad de los anticuerpos PLA2R séricos se asoció significativamente con episodios de TEV en pacientes con albúmina sérica>25g/l (p=0,01). La edad, el sexo, la creatinina en sangre, la albúmina sérica y los niveles de proteínas en orina de 24h no fueron estadísticamente diferentes entre los 2 grupos. El análisis de Kaplan-Meier mediante la prueba de rangos logarítmicos reveló que los pacientes con nefropatía membranosa positivos para anti-PLA2R tenían más probabilidad de sufrir TEV que los pacientes negativos para anti-PLA2R. El análisis univariante de riesgos proporcionales de Cox reveló que ln PLA2R-Ab es un predictor desfavorable de episodios de TEV en pacientes con albúmina sérica>25g/l (hazard ratio 2,1; p=0,01).

Conclusiones

El anticuerpo PLA2R fue un predictor de riesgo de episodios tromboembólicos en pacientes con NMP con albúmina sérica>25g/l.

Palabras clave:
Nefropatía membranosa primaria
Anticuerpo anti-PLA2R
Trombosis venosa
Embolia pulmonar

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