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Inicio Medicina Clínica (English Edition) Quality control of oral anticoagulant therapy in Primary Care in Madrid City, Sp...
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Vol. 145. Issue 5.
Pages 192-197 (September 2015)
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Vol. 145. Issue 5.
Pages 192-197 (September 2015)
Original article
Quality control of oral anticoagulant therapy in Primary Care in Madrid City, Spain: CHRONOS-TAO study
Grado de control del tratamiento anticoagulante oral en los centros de Atención Primaria de la Comunidad de Madrid: estudio CHRONOS-TAO
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Rafael Alonso Rocaa,
Corresponding author
alonsorocarafael@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Carmen Arlene Figueroa Guerrerob, Victoria Mainar de Pazc, M. Paz Arribas Garcíad, Luis Sánchez Perrucae, Ricardo Rodríguez Barrientosf, Mariano Casado Lópeze, Ana M. Pedraza Flechasg
a Centro de Salud Griñón, Área Sur, Madrid, Spain
b Escuela Nacional de Sanidad, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
c Family Doctor and Medical Intern Resident in Psychiatry, Instituto Psiquiátrico José Germain, Leganés, Madrid, Spain
d Family Doctor, Centro de Salud Maqueda, Área Centro, Madrid, Spain
e Family Doctor, Dirección Técnica de Sistemas de Información, Gerencia Adjunta de Planificación y Calidad, Gerencia de Atención Primaria, Madrid, Spain
f Family Doctor, Unidad de Apoyo a la Investigación, Gerencia Adjunta de Planificación y Calidad, Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), Madrid, Spain
g Preventive Medicine Specialist, Hospital Central de la Defensa Gómez Ulla, Madrid, Spain
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Figures (1)
Tables (3)
Table 1. Percent of patients according to the proportion of time in therapeutic and adjusted range above different standards of good control, between 50 and 65%.
Table 2. Characteristics of the study population, time in therapeutic range and mean comparison.
Table 3. Results of time in therapeutic range in different countries using the Rosendaal method (percentage of time in range).
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Abstract
Objectives

To determine quality control of patients with oral anticoagulant treatment recruited in Primary Care (PC) using the Rosendaal method to estimate time in therapeutic range (TTR) and comparing it with fraction of international normalized ratio (INR) in range and cross-sectional analysis (last INR registred).

Material and method

A retrospective observational study based on electronic medical record in routine clinical practice. Setting: PC centers (262) in Madrid. We included all patients with acenocumarol treatment, with an INR therapeutic range established between 2 and 3. We excluded patients with valvular pathology and disrupted clinical follow up in PC (<3 INR determinations in the studied period, a period of >90 days or ≥3 periods of >60 days between 2 determinations). The final population was 49,312 patients. The variables considered were all INR values and their respective dates. TTR was calculated by the 3 methods above mentioned. We considered “therapeutic range” INR between 2 and 3 and “adjusted range” INR between 1.8 and 3.2. Optimal control for each patient was considered TTR>60%.

Results

By using Rosendaal method, TTR was 66.8% (81.7% adjusted), with a percentage of total INR in range was 58.8% (66.5% adjusted), and, with the cross-sectional analysis, it was 70.5% (76.8% adjusted). Mean TTR was 65% (standard deviation 20.3), and the percentage of patients with TTR>60% was 63.3% (88.1% adjusted).

Conclusion

The quality control of patients with oral anticoagulants in PC in Madrid is acceptable, similar or higher to other studies and pivotal trials of new anticoagulants. Compared to the Rosendaal method, total fraction of INR underestimates quality control, and cross-sectional analysis slightly overestimates it.

Keywords:
Anticoagulants
Quality control
International normalized ratio
Primary Care
Resumen
Objetivos

Conocer el grado de control de los pacientes en tratamiento con anticoagulantes orales atendidos en Atención Primaria (AP) estimando el tiempo en rango terapéutico (TRT) según el método de Rosendaal, y compararlo con el porcentaje de international normalized ratio (INR, «razón normalizada internacional») en rango y el análisis transversal (última INR).

Material y método

Estudio observacional retrospectivo con datos de la historia clínica electrónica de todos los centros de AP (n=262) de la Comunidad de Madrid. Se incluyeron todos los pacientes en tratamiento con acenocumarol con rango terapéutico de INR entre 2 y 3. Se excluyeron los pacientes con valvulopatías y aquellos con seguimiento discontinuo (<3 determinaciones de INR, período de>90 días o3 períodos de>60 días entre 2 determinaciones). La población final fue de 49.312. Las variables consideradas fueron todos los valores de INR y sus fechas respectivas. Se calculó el TRT por los 3 métodos referidos, considerando «rango terapéutico» valores de INR entre 2–3, y rango «ajustado» valores de INR entre 1,8–3,2. Consideramos «control óptimo» en cada paciente si el TRT>60%.

Resultados

El TRT por el método de Rosendaal fue del 66,8% (81,7% ajustado), el porcentaje de INR en rango, del 58,8% (66,5% ajustado), y el análisis transversal, del 70,5% (76,8% ajustado). La media (desviación estándar) de los TRT por paciente fue del 65% (20,3), y el porcentaje de pacientes con un TRT>60% fue del 63,3% (88,1% ajustado).

Conclusión

El grado de control de los pacientes anticoagulados en AP es aceptable, similar o superior respecto a otros estudios y a los ensayos pivotales de nuevos anticoagulantes. Comparados con el método de Rosendaal, el porcentaje total de INR infraestima el grado de control, y el análisis transversal lo sobrestima ligeramente.

Palabras clave:
Anticoagulantes
Grado de control
Razón normalizada internacional
Atención Primaria

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