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Medicina Clínica (English Edition) Pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with human immunodeficiency virus inf...
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Vol. 146. Issue 8.
Pages e43-e48 Pages 335-378 (April 2016)
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Vol. 146. Issue 8.
Pages e43-e48 Pages 335-378 (April 2016)
Clinical report

Pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection: study of 4 cases

Hipertensión arterial pulmonar asociada a infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana: análisis de 4 casos
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Guillermo Pousadaa,b, Adolfo Baloirac, Olalla Castro-Añónd, Diana Valverdea,b,
Corresponding author
dianaval@uvigo.es

Corresponding author.
a Departamento de Bioquímica, Genética e Inmunología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
b Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Ourense-Pontevedra-Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
c Servicio de Neumología, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Pontevedra, Pontevedra, Spain
d Servicio de Neumología y Unidad de Desórdenes del Sueño, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, Lugo, Spain
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Abstract
Background and objective

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare and progressive disease that can be inherited as autosomal dominant form. The BMPR2, ACVRL1 and ENG genes are main genes involved in the pathology. PAH associated to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is another rare disease with a low incidence, prevalence and survival. The main objective of this analysis was to study the clinical and molecular characteristics of PAH associated to HIV patients.

Patients

We present 4 cases of HIV patients who developed PAH and have been treated with ambrisentan.

Results

Pathogenic mutations have been identify in analyzed genes in 3 of the four analyzed patients. In addition, these patients present other changes classified as benign after a thorough in silico analysis. We identified some changes in genetic modifiers that predispose to these patients to more severe phenotype.

Conclusions

The clinical analysis can help to define monitoring for these patients and the administration of appropriate treatment. These patients also have shown several pathogenic mutations.

Keywords:
Pulmonary arterial hypertension
Human immunodeficiency virus
Ambrisentan
Mutational analysis
Resumen
Fundamentos y objetivos

La hipertensión arterial pulmonar (HAP) es una enfermedad rara y progresiva que se puede heredar de forma autosómica dominante. Los genes BMPR2, ACVRL1 y ENG son los principales relacionados con la enfermedad. La HAP asociada al virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) es otra enfermedad rara con una incidencia, prevalencia y supervivencia muy bajas. El principal objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar las características clínicas y moleculares de pacientes con HAP asociada al VIH.

Pacientes

Presentamos 4 casos de pacientes con VIH que han desarrollado HAP y han sido tratados con ambrisentan.

Resultados

Se han identificado mutaciones patogénicas en los genes analizados en 3 de los 4 pacientes estudiados. Asimismo, estos pacientes presentan otros cambios clasificados como benignos tras un exhaustivo análisis in silico. Tras el análisis de los modificadores genéticos se han identificado cambios que predisponen a los pacientes a padecer un fenotipo más grave.

Conclusiones

El análisis clínico nos ayudará a definir un seguimiento para estos pacientes y a la administración de un tratamiento adecuado. Asimismo, estos pacientes han mostrado un elevado número de mutaciones patogénicas.

Palabras clave:
Hipertensión arterial pulmonar
Virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana
Ambrisentan
Análisis mutacional

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