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Medicina Clínica (English Edition) Prognostic value of extreme NT-proBNP levels in patients hospitalized for heart ...
Journal Information
Vol. 165. Issue 1.
(July 2025)
Original article
Prognostic value of extreme NT-proBNP levels in patients hospitalized for heart failure
Utilidad pronóstica de valores extremos de NT-proBNP en pacientes ingresados por insuficiencia cardíaca
Miguel Yebra Yebraa,b, Alejandro Sáenz de Urturi Rodrígueza,
Corresponding author
, Sergio González Garcíac, Paula de Peralta Garcíaa,b, Maria Asenjo Martíneza,b, Jose Antonio Rueda Caminoa,d, Raquel Barba Martína,c,d
a Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
b Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
c Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
d Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
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Table 1. Baseline sample characteristics.
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Table 2. Comparative analysis of outcome variables in patients with elevated and extreme NT-proBNP.
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Abstract
Background and objective

To evaluate the prognostic value of extreme levels of the N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) measured at any time during hospitalization for heart failure (HF).

Materials and methods

A retrospective cohort study including patients hospitalized for HF in a secondary-level hospital with at least one NT-proBNP measurement. Two groups were defined: patients with extreme NT-proBNP levels (>50,000 pg/ml) and those with elevated NT-proBNP levels (>1800 pg/ml and <20,000 pg/ml). The primary outcome was a composite of (1) in-hospital mortality, (2) HF readmission, and (3) six-month mortality. Cox survival models were used for analysis.

Results

A total of 83 patients with extreme NT-proBNP levels and 100 with elevated NT-proBNP levels were included; 61% were women, with a median age of 87 years. Comorbidity burden was high and similar between groups (median Charlson index: 8). The primary outcome was more frequent in patients with extreme NT-proBNP levels: 25.02 vs. 10.53 events per 100 patient-months (HR 2.07; 95% CI: 1.37–3.14). Both in-hospital and six-month mortality were significantly higher in the extreme NT-proBNP group, while HF readmissions were numerically higher but not statistically significant. These results remained consistent after multivariable adjustment.

Conclusions

Patients hospitalized for HF with NT-proBNP levels > 50,000 pg/ml have a worse prognosis than those with NT-proBNP < 20,000 pg/ml, representing a high-risk subgroup with short-term mortality.

Keywords:
Heart failure
Natriuretic peptides
Hospitalization
Prognosis
Mortality
Resumen
Antecedentes y objetivo

Evaluar el valor pronóstico de valores extremos de la porción amino-terminal de la prohormona del péptido natriurético cerebral (NT-proBNP) obtenido en cualquier momento de un ingreso por insuficiencia cardiaca (IC).

Materiales y métodos

Estudio de cohortes retrospectivo que incluyó pacientes ingresados por IC en un hospital de segundo nivel con al menos un valor de NT-proBNP. Se definieron 2 grupos; pacientes con NT-proBNP extremo (>50,000 pg/ml) y pacientes con NT-proBNP elevado (>1800 pg/ml y <20,000 pg/ml). El evento de interés primario fue el compuesto por: (1) muerte intrahospitalaria; (2) reingreso por IC y (3) muerte a los 6 meses. Se realiza un análisis mediante modelos de supervivencia de Cox.

Resultados

Se incluyeron 83 pacientes con NT-proBNP extremo y 100 con NT-proBNP elevado, 61% mujeres, con una edad mediana de 87 años. La comorbilidad fue elevada y similar en ambos grupos (índice de Charlson mediano de 8). El evento de interés primario fue más frecuente en pacientes con NT-proBNP extremo: 25,02 vs 10,53 eventos por cada 100 pacientes y mes (HR 2,07; IC 95%: 1.37, 3.14). Tanto la mortalidad intrahospitalaria como la mortalidad a los 6 meses fueron significativamente mayores en el grupo del NT-proBNP extremo; los reingresos por IC también fueron numéricamente mayores, aunque de manera no significativa. Estos resultados se mantuvieron tras ajuste multivariable.

Conclusiones

Los pacientes ingresados por IC con valores de NT-proBNP > 50,000 pg/ml tienen peor pronóstico que aquellos con NT-proBNP < 20,000 pg/ml, constituyendo un subgrupo alta mortalidad a corto plazo.

Palabras clave:
Insuficiencia cardíaca
Péptidos natriuréticos
Hospitalización
Pronóstico
Mortalidad

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