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Inicio Medicina Clínica (English Edition) Patterns of physical activity and SARS-CoV-2 severe pneumonia: A case–control ...
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Vol. 161. Issue 6.
Pages 243-247 (September 2023)
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Vol. 161. Issue 6.
Pages 243-247 (September 2023)
Original article
Patterns of physical activity and SARS-CoV-2 severe pneumonia: A case–control study
Patrones de actividad física y neumonía grave por SARS-CoV-2: un estudio de casos y controles
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Fortunato José Cardosoa, Carla Adriane Fonseca Leal de Araújob, José Roberto da Silva Juniorc, Angélica Guimarãesd, Michelle Ribeiro Viana Taveiroe, João Guilherme Bezerra Alvesb,
Corresponding author
joaoguilherme@imip.org.br

Corresponding author.
a Department of Gastroenterology, Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira (IMIP), Brazil
b Department of Pediatrics, Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira (IMIP), Brazil
c Department of Postgraduate, Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira (IMIP), Brazil
d Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Dom Malan (HDM), Brazil
e Department of Pediatrics, Universidade do Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Brazil
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Statistics
Tables (3)
Table 1. Some characteristics between case and control groups.
Table 2. Univariable analysis of some variables between patients with (Cases) and without (Controls) severe SARS-CoV-19 pneumonia.
Table 3. Multivariable analysis of some variables between patients with (Cases) and without (Controls) severe SARS-CoV-19 pneumonia.
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Abstract
Background

Regular physical activity is associated with a low risk of severe community-acquired infections. However, the hypothesis that a physical inactivity pattern is associated with a higher risk for severe COVID-19 has not been completely proven, especially with severe pneumonia.

Objective

The goal of this study was to confirm the link between physical activity patterns and severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia.

Design

Case–control study.

Methods

This study involved 307 patients who developed SARS-CoV-2 severe pneumonia and were hospitalized in an intensive care unit. Age- and sex-matched controls (307) were selected from the same population: patients with mild to moderate forms of COVID-19 who were not hospitalized. Physical activity patterns were assessed using the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire.

Results

The mean physical activity levels were lower in the SARS-CoV-2 severe pneumonia group as compared to the control group: 1576±2939 vs 2438±2999, metabolic equivalent of task (MET-min/week), p<0.001. A high or moderate physical activity level was more common in the control group, and a low physical activity level was more observed in the case group (p<0.001). Obesity was also associated with severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia (p<0.001). Multivariable analysis showed that a low physical activity level was associated with a higher risk for severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, independent of nutritional status (CI 3.7; 2.24–5.99), p<0.001).

Conclusion

A higher and moderate level of physical activity is linked to a lower risk of SARS-CoV-2 severe pneumonia.

Keywords:
COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
Severe pneumonia
Physical activity pattern
Resumen
Antecedentes y objetivos

La actividad física regular se asocia con un bajo riesgo de infecciones graves adquiridas en la comunidad. Sin embargo, la hipótesis de que un patrón de inactividad física se asocia con un mayor riesgo de COVID-19 grave no ha sido completamente probada, especialmente con neumonía grave. El objetivo de este estudio fue confirmar el vínculo entre los patrones de actividad física y la neumonía grave por SARS-CoV-2.

Material y métodos

Estudio de casos y controles. Este estudio involucró a 307 pacientes que desarrollaron neumonía grave por SARS-CoV-2 y fueron hospitalizados en una unidad de cuidados intensivos. Se seleccionaron controles emparejados por edad y sexo (307) de la misma población: pacientes con formas leves a moderadas de COVID-19 que no fueron hospitalizados. Los patrones de actividad física se evaluaron utilizando la versión corta del Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física.

Resultados

Los niveles medios de actividad física fueron menores en el grupo de neumonía grave por SARS-CoV-2 en comparación con el grupo control: 1576±2939 vs 2438±2999, equivalente metabólico de la tarea (MET-min/semana), p<0.001. Un nivel de actividad física alto o moderado fue más común en el grupo control, y un nivel de actividad física bajo fue más observado en el grupo de casos (p<0,001). La obesidad también se asoció con neumonía grave por SARS-CoV-2 (p<0,001). El análisis multivariable mostró que un bajo nivel de actividad física se asoció con un mayor riesgo de neumonía grave por SARS-CoV-2, independientemente del estado nutricional (IC 3,7; 2,24-5,99), p<0,001).

Conclusión

Un nivel de actividad física más alto y moderado se relaciona con un menor riesgo de neumonía grave por SARS-CoV-2.

Palabras clave:
COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
Neumonía severa
Patrón de actividad física

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