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Inicio Medicina Clínica (English Edition) Management of benign melanocytic lesions as a melanoma prevention. Systematic re...
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Vol. 147. Issue 4.
Pages 162-170 (August 2016)
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Vol. 147. Issue 4.
Pages 162-170 (August 2016)
Review
Management of benign melanocytic lesions as a melanoma prevention. Systematic review
Tratamiento quirúrgico de lesiones melanocíticas benignas para la prevención del melanoma. Revisión sistemática
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Renata Linertováa,b,c,
Corresponding author
renata.linertova@sescs.es

Corresponding author.
, Cristina Valcárcel-Nazcoa,b,c, Juan Ramón Lacalle-Remigiod
a Fundación Canaria de Investigación Sanitaria (FUNCANIS), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
b Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), Spain
c Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Canarias (CIBICAN), Campus Ciencias de La Salud, La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
d Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
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Abstract

There is a growing concern and awareness of skin cancer. As a result, possibly unnecessary surgeries of melanocytic lesions are carried out as a prophylactic measure.

We performed a systematic review of the medical literature to identify primary studies on the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of surgery treatment of benign melanocytic lesions for melanoma prevention.

We included 19 primary studies on surgical treatment of acquired melanocytic lesions and one economic evaluation. Indicators, such as number needed to treat and the malignancy ratio, depend on several factors such as specialty and experience of the physician, pressure from the patient or patient characteristics.

Early diagnosis of melanoma is critical in preventing skin cancer. However, primary studies show through several indicators that there are factors that increase the proportion of lesions treated unnecessarily. Effectiveness can be improved by careful use of techniques to identify suspicious lesions and educational programs for physicians, especially in primary care.

Keywords:
Melanocytic lesions
Prevention
Melanoma
Systematic review
Resumen

Debido a una creciente sensibilidad sobre el cáncer de piel, posiblemente se está realizando un número excesivo de intervenciones quirúrgicas de lesiones melanocíticas como medida profiláctica.

Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura médica de estudios primarios sobre la efectividad y coste-efectividad de la cirugía de lesiones melanocíticas benignas como prevención del melanoma.

Se incluyeron 19 estudios primarios sobre tratamiento quirúrgico de lesiones melanocíticas adquiridas y una evaluación económica. Las medidas de efectividad, como el número necesario a tratar y la ratio de malignidad, dependen de factores como la especialidad y experiencia del médico, la presión por parte del paciente o las características de este.

La detección precoz del melanoma es fundamental. Sin embargo, existen factores que aumentan la proporción de lesiones tratadas innecesariamente. Se necesita una cuidadosa aplicación de técnicas de identificación de lesiones sospechosas y programas educativos dirigidos a los médicos, especialmente de atención primaria.

Palabras clave:
Lesiones melanocíticas
Prevención
Melanoma
Revisión sistemática

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