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Inicio Medicina Clínica (English Edition) Immunomodulatory properties of stem mesenchymal cells in autoimmune diseases
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Vol. 144. Issue 2.
Pages 88-91 (January 2015)
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Vol. 144. Issue 2.
Pages 88-91 (January 2015)
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Immunomodulatory properties of stem mesenchymal cells in autoimmune diseases
Acción inmunomoduladora de las células madre mesenquimales en las enfermedades autoinmunitarias
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Isabel Sánchez-Berná
Corresponding author
isabelsanchezberna@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Carlos Santiago-Díaz, Juan Jiménez-Alonso
Unidad de Enfermedades Autoinmunes Siste¿micas, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
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Abstract

Autoimmune diseases are a cluster of disorders characterised by a failure of the immune tolerance and a hyperactivation of the immune system that leads to a chronic inflammation state and the damage of several organs. The medications currently used to treat these diseases usually consist of immunosuppressive drugs that have significant systemic toxic effects and are associated with an increased risk of opportunistic infections. Recently, several studies have demonstrated that mesenchymal stem cells have immunomodulatory properties, a feature that make them candidates to be used in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. In the present study, we reviewed the role of this therapy in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren's syndrome, systemic sclerosis, Crohn's disease and multiple sclerosis, as well as the potential risks associated with its use.

Keywords:
Mesenchymal stem cells
Immunomodulation
Autoimmune diseases
Resumen

Las enfermedades autoinmunitarias son un grupo de trastornos en los que existe un fallo en la tolerancia inmunitaria y, con ello, una hiperactivación del sistema inmunológico, de lo que se deriva un estado de inflamación crónica y un potencial daño multiorgánico. Los fármacos empleados en la actualidad para el tratamiento de este grupo de enfermedades son agentes con mayor o menor efecto inmunodepresor, con importante toxicidad sistémica y potencial riesgo de infecciones oportunistas. Se han descrito, en distintos estudios, las propiedades inmunomoduladoras de las células madre mesenquimales, características que las hacen candidatas a ser empleadas en el tratamiento de las enfermedades autoinmunitarias. Realizamos una revisión de la situación actual de esta línea terapéutica en lupus eritematoso sistémico, síndrome de Sjögren, esclerosis sistémica, enfermedad de Crohn y esclerosis múltiple, así como de los potenciales riesgos derivados de su empleo.

Palabras clave:
Células madre mesenquimales
Inmunomodulación
Enfermedades autoinmunitarias
Enfermedades autoinmunes

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