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Inicio Medicina Clínica (English Edition) Greater occipital nerve block in the treatment of headaches. Review of evidence
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Vol. 161. Issue 3.
Pages 113-118 (August 2023)
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Vol. 161. Issue 3.
Pages 113-118 (August 2023)
Review
Greater occipital nerve block in the treatment of headaches. Review of evidence
Bloqueo anestésico del nervio occipital mayor en el tratamiento de las cefaleas. Revisión de la evidencia
Federico Castillo-Álvarez
Corresponding author
fcastilloa@riojasalud.es

Corresponding author.
, Ignacio Hernando de la Bárcena, María Eugenia Marzo-Sola
Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario San Pedro, Logroño, La Rioja, Spain
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Figures (17)
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Tables (2)
Table 1. Articles included in each meta-analysis and their peculiarities.
Table 2. Results of the parameters subjected to statistical analysis in the different meta-analyses. The results that show advantages in terms of the use of GONB are shown in green and those that do not are shown in red. Results that show a difference (+) and those that do not show a difference (-) with respect to the use of GONB are shown with the sign (+) and (-) those that do not with respect to the use of GONB.
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Abstract
Introduction

Peripheral nerve blocks have been a common treatment for multiple headaches. By far, the greater occipital nerve block is the most used and with the stronger body of evidence in routine clinical practice.

Methods

We searched Pubmed Meta-Analysis/Systematic Review, in the last 10 years. Of these results, meta-analyses, and in the absence of these systematic reviews, assessing Greater Occipital Nerve Block in headache has been selected for review.

Results

We identified 95 studies in Pubmed, 13 that met the inclusion criteria.

Conclusion

Greater occipital block is an effective and safe technique, easy to perform and which has shown its usefulness in migraine, cluster headache, cervicogenic headache and Post-dural puncture headache. However, more studies are needed to clarify its long-term efficacy, its place in clinical treatment, the possible difference between different anaesthetics, the most convenient dosage and the role of concomitant use of corticosteroids.

Keywords:
Anaesthesic block
Cervicogenic headache
Cluster headache
Migraine
Greater occipital nerve
Post-dural puncture headache
Resumen
Introducción

Los bloqueos anestésicos de nervios pericraneales han constituido un tratamiento habitual de múltiples cefaleas. El más utilizado en la práctica clínica habitual y que cuenta con mayor evidencia que avale su efectividad es el bloqueo del nervio occipital mayor.

Métodos

Búsqueda en Pubmed de Meta-Analysis/Systematic Review de los últimos 10 años, seleccionando para su revisión aquellos metanálisis, y en su defecto revisiones sistemáticas, acerca del bloqueo del nervio occipital mayor en el tratamiento de cefaleas.

Resultados

Se obtuvieron 95 trabajos, 13 incluyeron los criterios de inclusión.

Conclusión

El bloqueo del occipital mayor es una técnica eficaz y segura, fácil de realizar y que ha mostrado su utilidad en migraña, cefalea en racimos, cefalea cervicogénica y postpunción lumbar. No obstante, hacen falta más estudios que aclaren su eficacia a largo plazo, su lugar en el tratamiento habitual, la posible diferencia entre diversos anestésicos, la posología más conveniente y el papel del uso concomitante de corticoides.

Palabras clave:
Bloqueo anestésico
Cefalea en racimo
Cefalea cervicogénica
Migraña
Nervio occipital mayor
Cefalea tras punción lumbar

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