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Inicio Medicina Clínica (English Edition) Delirium and subsyndromal delirium in the intensive care unit: In-hospital outco...
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Vol. 161. Issue 7.
Pages 286-292 (October 2023)
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Vol. 161. Issue 7.
Pages 286-292 (October 2023)
Original article
Delirium and subsyndromal delirium in the intensive care unit: In-hospital outcomes and prognosis at discharge
Síndrome confusional agudo y confusional subsindromático en terapia intensiva: evolución intrahospitalaria y a los tres meses del alta
Martin Durlacha,
Corresponding author
martindurlach@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Marina Khouryb, Carla Lujan Donatoa, Eduardo Adrian Pérezc, Nicolas Hector Iezzic, Rodolfo Lópezd, Gonzalo L. Echavarríaa
a Servicio de Clínica Médica, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
b Departamento de Docencia e Investigación, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
c Servicio de Kinesiología y Fisiatría, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
d Servicio de Terapia Intensiva, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Tables (6)
Table 1. Description of predisposing risk factors for the development of delirium in the total sample. Univariate comparison of sub-syndromal delirium (SSD) and delirium groups versus the non-delirium group (control).
Table 2. Precipitating risk factors for the development of delirium. Univariate comparison of the sub-syndromal delirium (SSD) and delirium groups versus the non-delirium (control) group.
Table 3. Multivariate models with predisposing and precipitating risk factors that best predict the development of sub-syndromal delirium and delirium.
Table 4. Univariate comparison of the sub-syndromal delirium and delirium groups versus the non-delirium (control) group as predictors of complications, intensive care unit (ICU) days and mortality during ICU admission.
Table 5. Univariate comparison of the sub-syndromal delirium and delirium groups versus the non-delirium (control) group as predictors of complications, length of stay and mortality during ward admission.
Table 6. Outcome measured by interview three months after hospital discharge. Univariate comparison of the sub-syndromal delirium and delirium groups versus the non-delirium group (control).
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Abstract
Background and objective

The characteristics and outcomes of patients with subsyndromatic delirium (SSD) at hospitalization are still under discussion. The objectives were to describe the incidence of delirum and SSD in the intensive care unit care (ICU), to analyze the association with risk factors and to explore outcomes of delirium and subsyndromal delirium (SSD) at hospitalization and three months after discharge.

Patients and methods

A prospective study, with telephone follow-up three months after discharge. The study included 270 patients over one year. Delirium and SSD were assessed with the CAM-ICU.

Results

22.96% developed delirium and 17.03% SSD. The main risk factors associated with the development of delirium were cognitive impairment (P=.000), age75 years (P=.019), neurological admission (P=.003), shock (P=.043), bedsores (P=.010), polypharmacy (0.017), ARM (P=.001) and fast (P=.028) and with the development of SSD were low schooling (P=.014), charlson>5 (P=.028), AIVD<8 (P=.001), enteral feeding (P=.000) and non-cardiovascular admission (P=.019). Overall mortality was 6% in the group without delirium (reference), 8% in SSD (P=.516) and 30% in delirium (P=.000). Median ICU length of stay was 2 (IQR, 1−2) days in the group without delirium, 3 (IQR, 2−4) days in SSD (P=.0001), and 3 (IQR, 2−7) days in delirium group (P=.0001). Three months after discharge, instrumental ADL were preserved in 50% of the group without delirium, 30% of SSD (P=.026) and 26% of delirium (P=.005).

Conclusions

The SSD group presented an intermediate prognosis between no delirium and delirium groups. It is advisable to promote its diagnosis for better risk classification.

Keywords:
Delirium
Subsyndromal delirium
Intensive care unit
Complications
Mortality
Resumen
Antecedentes y objetivo

Las características y evolución de pacientes con confusional subsindromático (CSS) en la internación aún continúa en discusión. El objetivo fue describir la incidencia de síndrome confusional agudo (SCA) y CSS en terapia intensiva (UTI), analizar su asociación con la presencia de factores de riesgo y explorar diferencias en la evolución hospitalaria y a los tres meses del alta.

Pacientes y métodos

Estudio prospectivo con seguimiento telefónico tres meses luego del alta. Se aplicó el CAM-ICU para definir tres grupos: sin delirio (de referencia), CSS y SCA.

Resultados

En 270 pacientes, 22,96% presentó SCA y 17,03% CSS. Factores relacionados con mayor riesgo de SCA: deterioro cognitivo (P=,000), edad75 años (P=,019), motivo de ingreso neurológico (P=,003), shock (P=,043), escaras (P=,010), polifarmacia (0,017), ARM (P=,001) y reposo digestivo (P=,028); con mayor riesgo de CSS: baja escolaridad (P=,014), Charlson>5 (P=,028), AIVD<8 (P=,001), alimentación enteral (P=,000) y motivo de ingreso no cardiovascular (P=,019). La mortalidad global fue de 6% en el grupo sin delirio, 8% en CSS (P=,516) y 30% en SCA (P=,000). La mediana de internación en UTI fue de 2 días (rango 1−2) en el grupo sin delirio, 3 (2−4) días en CSS (P=,0001) y 3 (2−7) días en SCA (P=,0001). A 3 meses del alta, las AIVD estaban conservadas en el 50% del grupo sin delirio, 30% de CSS (P=,026) y 26% de SCA (P=,005).

Conclusiones

El CSS presentó un pronóstico intermedio entre el grupo sin delirio y el SCA. Se aconseja su diagnóstico para mejor clasificación de riesgo.

Palabras clave:
Síndrome confusional agudo o delirio
Confusional subsindromático
Unidad de terapia intensiva
Complicaciones
Mortalidad

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