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Vol. 144. Issue 4.
Pages 151-155 (February 2015)
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Vol. 144. Issue 4.
Pages 151-155 (February 2015)
Original article
C allele of the rs2209972 single nucleotide polymorphism of the insulin degrading enzyme gene and Alzheimer's disease in type 2 diabetes, a case control study
Alelo C del polimorfismo rs2209972 del gen de la enzima degradadora de insulina y enfermedad de Alzheimer en diabéticos tipo 2. Estudio de casos y controles
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Hugo Gutiérrez-Hermosilloa,
Corresponding author
hugocus@hotmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Enrique Díaz De León-Gonzálezb, Rebeca Palacios-Coronac, Javier Armando Cedillo-Rodríguezd, Abelardo Camacho-Luise, Miguel Arturo Reyes-Romeroe, Juan Humberto Medina-Cháveza, Pedro A. Blandónf
a Departamento de Geriatría, UMAE 1 CMN del Bajío, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Hospital Aranda de la Parra, León, Guanajuato, Mexico
b Departamento de Geriatría, UMAE 21 Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
c Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas del Noreste, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, León, Guanajuato, Mexico
d Departamento de Medicina Interna, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
e Departamento de Posgrado, Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Investigación en Alimentos y Nutrición-FAMEN, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Durango, Mexico
f Department of Internal Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University, El Paso, TX, United States of America
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Tables (4)
Table 1. Comparative analysis of the general characteristics of participants with and without cognitive impairment.
Table 2. Comparative analysis of the clinical and laboratory characteristics of participants with and without cognitive impairment.
Table 3. Association of the IDE and APOE polymorphism with and without cognitive impairment.
Table 4. Logistic regression analysis of the allelic and genotype frequencies of IDE and APOE for cognitive impairment.
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Abstract
Background and objective

In the last few decades we have witnessed an interesting transformation of the population pyramids throughout the world. As the population's life expectancy increases, there are more chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus and dementias, and both of them have shown an association.

General objetive:

To determine the association between Alzheimer's disease in diabetic patients and the insulin degrading enzyme in outpatients of a second level Hospital in Monterrey, Mexico.

Materials and methods

This was a case control study in which we included outpatients from the Geriatrics Clinic of a Hospital in Northeastern Mexico. Cases were patients with a Mini Mental Score Exam (MMSE) below 24 and DSM-IV criteria for Dementia. Controls were patients who had MMSE scores greater than 24.

Results

Data from 97 patients were analyzed. Regarding physical examination and the results of laboratory tests, there were no differences between the two groups (p>0.05).

A 98% prevalence of the insulin degrading enzyme was documented in the sample studied. We found an association between a homozygous status for the CC genotype and Dementia with an estimated Odds Ratio (OR) of 2.5 (CI 95% 1.6–3.3) on the bivariate test, while, on the multivariate analysis, the OR was estimated 3.3 (CI 95% 1.3–8.2).

Conclusions

Evidence shows that cognitive impairment is more frequent among those exposed to the C allele of the rs2209972 SNP of the insulin degrading enzyme gene.

Keywords:
Alzheimer’ disease
Dementia
Elderly
Insulin degrading enzyme
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Resumen
Fundamento y objetivo

En las últimas décadas se ha producido una transformación en las pirámides poblacionales, con un aumento en la expectativa de vida, lo que conlleva un mayor número de enfermedades crónico-degenerativas, como son la diabetes mellitus y la demencia, que han mostrado tener una asociación estrecha, pero cuya etiología aún está por discernir.

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la asociación entre el alelo C de la enzima degradadora de insulina y la enfermedad de Alzheimer en pacientes con diabetes tipo 2.

Material y métodos

Estudio de casos y controles, en el cual se incluyeron pacientes de la clínica de Geriatría del Hospital General del Noreste de México. Los casos fueron aquellos con una puntuación en el Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) menor de 24 y criterios para demencia de acuerdo con el DSM-IV. Los controles fueron pacientes con MMSE superior a 24.

Resultados

Se analizaron datos de 97 pacientes. No hubo diferencias respecto a las características basales clínicas y de laboratorio entre los casos y los controles (p>0,05).

Se documentó una prevalencia de 98% del alelo C de la enzima degradadora de insulina.

Encontramos una asociación entre homocigosidad para el genotipo CC de la enzima degradadora de insulina y enfermedad de Alzheimer, con una OR de 2,5 (IC 95% 1,6–3,3) en el examen bivariado, y en el examen multivariado se encontró asociación con una OR de 3,3 (IC 95% 1,3–8,2).

Conclusiones

La evidencia muestra una asociación entre deterioro cognitivo y presencia del alelo C del polimorfismo rs2209972 del gen de la enzima degradadora de insulina.

Palabras clave:
Enfermedad de Alzheimer
Demencia
Ancianos
Enzima degradadora de insulina
Diabetes mellitus tipo 2

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