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Vol. 146. Issue 10.
Pages 436-439 (May 2016)
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Vol. 146. Issue 10.
Pages 436-439 (May 2016)
Brief report
Benefits of an educational intervention on diet and anthropometric profile of women with one cardiovascular risk factor
Beneficios de una intervención educativa en la dieta y en el perfil antropométrico de mujeres con un factor de riesgo cardiovascular
Anxela Soto Rodrígueza, José Luís García Soidánb, Manuel de Toro Santosc, Fiz Lagoa Labradord, José M. Failde Garridoe, María Reyes Pérez Fernándeza,
Corresponding author
a Escuela Universitaria de Enfermería, Xerencia de Xestión Integrada de Ourense, SERGAS, Ourense, Spain
b Universidad de Vigo, Campus Pontevedra, Pontevedra, Spain
c Servicio de Medicina Interna, Xerencia de Xestión Integrada de Ourense, SERGAS, Ourense, Spain
d Unidad de Apoyo a la Investigación, Xerencia de Xestión Integrada de Ourense, SERGAS, Ourense, Spain
e Universidad de Vigo, Campus Ourense, Ourense, Spain
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Tables (2)
Table 1. Sample characteristics at baseline and mean differences contrast between the control group and the intervention group one year after the educational intervention.
Table 2. Variables studied in the control and intervention groups before and after the educational intervention, and p value when making comparisons.
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Abstract
Background and objective

To assess whether an educational intervention in perimenopausal women with hypertension, diabetes mellitus and/or dyslipidaemia would improve adherence to a Mediterranean diet pattern and achieve changes in anthropometric parameters.

Patients

Randomized clinical trial of parallel groups: 320 women (45–60 years) in 2 urban primary care services. Variables studied: hip and waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), total, visceral and trunk fat (bioimpedance measures) and adherence to Mediterranean diet (MEDAS-14 questionnaire). Intervention group: 3 interactive workshops on prevention of cardiovascular disease, and control group: information by post.

Results

Two hundred and thirty women completed the study (113 control group and 117 intervention group). The differences between groups were significant in all parameters one year later. In the intragroup comparison, the intervention group maintained their BMI and improved adherence to the Mediterranean diet. The control group increased their BMI, abdominal and hip circumference and fat parameters (total, visceral and trunk fat).

Conclusions

A simple educational intervention in perimenopausal women with cardiovascular risk can improve their healthy habits.

Keywords:
Health education
Women
Menopause
Cardiovascular disease
Mediterranean diet
Resumen
Fundamento y objetivo

Evaluar si una intervención educativa en mujeres perimenopáusicas con hipertensión, diabetes mellitus y/o dislipidemia sería capaz de mejorar la adherencia a un patrón de dieta mediterráneo y conseguir cambios en parámetros antropométricos.

Pacientes

Ensayo clínico aleatorizado de grupos paralelos: 320 mujeres (45-60 años) de 2 servicios de atención primaria urbanos. Variables a estudio: perímetro abdominal y de cadera, índice de masa corporal (IMC), grasa corporal total, visceral y de tronco (medidas con bioimpedancia) y adherencia a dieta mediterránea (cuestionario MEDAS-14). Grupo intervención: 3 talleres interactivos sobre prevención de enfermedad cardiovascular, y grupo control: información por correo.

Resultados

Concluyeron el estudio 230 mujeres (113 en el grupo control y 117 en el grupo intervención). Un año después, las diferencias entre grupos fueron significativas en todos los parámetros. En la comparación intragrupos, las mujeres del grupo intervención mantuvieron el IMC y mejoraron la adherencia a la dieta mediterránea. El grupo control aumentó el IMC, el perímetro abdominal y de cadera y los parámetros de grasa (corporal total, visceral y tronco).

Conclusiones

Una sencilla intervención educativa en mujeres perimenopáusicas con riesgo cardiovascular puede mejorar sus hábitos saludables.

Palabras clave:
Educación en salud
Mujeres
Menopausia
Enfermedad cardiovascular
Dieta mediterránea

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