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Inicio Medicina Clínica (English Edition) Association between benzodiazepine use and development of dementia
Journal Information
Vol. 156. Issue 3.
Pages 107-111 (February 2021)
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Vol. 156. Issue 3.
Pages 107-111 (February 2021)
Original article
Association between benzodiazepine use and development of dementia
Asociación entre el uso de benzodiacepina y el desarrollo de demencia
Pablo Aldaza,
Corresponding author
paldazhe@cfnavarra.es

Corresponding author.
, Javier Garjóna, Guadalupe Beitiaa,b, Idoya Beltrána,b, Julián Libreroc,d, Berta Ibáñezc,d, Pilar Arroyoa, Ma José Ariza
a Navarre Health Service, IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Spain
b Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, Spain
c Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), Navarra, Spain
d Navarrabiomed, Departamento de Salud-Universidad Pública de Navarra, IDISNA, Pamplona, Spain
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Tables (3)
Table 1. Sociodemographic variables, distribution of comorbidities and drug use.
Table 2. Conditional logistic regression on the risk of dementia.
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Abstract
Objective

To evaluate the association between use of benzodiazepines and incident dementia.

Methods

Analytical prospective nested case-control study for which the Spanish database for pharmacoepidemiological research in primary care (BIFAP) of the Spanish Agency of Medicines and Medical Devices (AEMPS) was used. A total of 15,212 subjects diagnosed with dementia of the Alzheimer type and 62,397 controls were identified. Exposure was retrieved retrospectively with a 3-year lag time before the index date. Adjusted odd ratios (OR) were calculated.

Results

Benzodiazepines use increased the risk of suffering Alzheimer's disease (OR=1.05, 95% CI, 1.01–1.10). No statistical differences were shown between short-acting and long-acting drugs. The risk is more evident with longer exposure times.

Conclusions

There seems to be a weak association between benzodiazepine use and the development of dementia, the risk increases with greater exposure.

Keywords:
Dementia
Benzodiazepine
Case–control studies
Elderly
Alzheimer's disease
Cognitive decline
Resumen
Objetivo

Evaluar la asociación entre el uso de benzodiacepinas y la incidencia de demencia.

Métodos

Estudio analítico prospectivo de caso-control anidado, utilizando la base de datos española para investigación farmacoepidemiológica en atención primaria (BIFAP) de la Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS). Se identificó un total de 15.212 sujetos diagnosticados de demencia tipo Alzheimer, y 62.397 controles. Los datos sobre la exposición se recuperaron retrospectivamente con un lapso de tiempo de 3 años anterior a la fecha del índice. Se calcularon los odds ratios (OR) ajustados.

Resultados

El uso de benzodiacepinas incrementó el riesgo de padecer Alzheimer (OR=1,05; IC 95%, 1,01-1,10). No se encontraron diferencias estadísticas entre los fármacos de acción corta y acción prolongada. El riesgo es más evidente cuando se incrementan los tiempos de exposición.

Conclusiones

Parece existir una débil asociación entre el uso de benzodiacepinas y el desarrollo de demencia, incrementándose el riesgo cuando se aumenta la exposición.

Palabras clave:
Demencia
Benzodiacepina
Estudios de caso-control
Mayores
Enfermedad de Alzheimer
Deterioro cognitivo

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