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Vol. 154. Issue 12.
Pages 512-518 (June 2020)
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Vol. 154. Issue 12.
Pages 512-518 (June 2020)
Clinical report
Osteogenesis imperfecta: Review of 40 patients
Osteogénesis imperfecta: análisis de 40 pacientes
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Pilar Caudevilla Lafuentea, Antonio de Arriba Muñozb, Silvia Izquierdo Álvarezc, Marta Ferrer Lozanob, Marta Medrano San Ildefonsod, José Ignacio Labarta Aizpúnb,
Corresponding author
jilabarta@salud.aragon.es

Corresponding author.
a Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
b Unidad de Endocrinología Pediátrica, Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
c Unidad de Genética, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
d Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
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Tables (4)
Table 1. Clinical manifestations in each type of OI.
Table 2. Biochemical and genetic characterization (patients without genetic study, study without pathogenic variant and with pathogenic variant).
Table 3. Biochemical and genetic characterization (patients with SNP or VUS).
Table 4. Biochemical and genetic characterization (patients with pathogenic variant and SNP or VUS).
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Abstract
Introduction

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a heterogeneous genetic disease manifesting as bone fragility and fractures.

Patients and methods

Retrospective descriptive study analysing clinical and genetic features, and treatment of patients with OI.

Results

Forty patients were included; 32.5% males, 67.5% females; 29 children, 11 adults. Number of fractures at diagnosis with mild OI was 4.6±6.4 (average age at diagnosis 7.8±12.8years), with moderate OI 1.7±2.4 (age at diagnosis .04±.3years), in severe OI 3.7±2.1 and in extremely severe forms 12.5±7.8, both groups diagnosed at birth. Genetic study in 32 patients, 25 with a positive genetic study (pathogenic/probably pathogenic variant). COL1A1 gene was the most frequently affected. In 7 patients, no pathogenic or probably pathogenic variant was found (5 diagnosed by biochemical study of type I collagen). Nineteen patients were treated with bisphosphonates; 7 combined with growth hormone. The patients treated with bisphosphonates showed clinical improvement (reduction of bone pain and/or irritability) and reduction of fractures.

Conclusions

The COL1A1 gene is the most frequently affected. OI patients should receive multidisciplinary management and bisphosphonates can improve their quality of life.

Keywords:
Osteogenesis imperfecta
COL1A1
COL1A2
CRTAP
P3H1/LEPRE1
Biphosphonates
Resumen
Introducción

La osteogénesis imperfecta (OI) es una enfermedad genética heterogénea manifestada como fragilidad ósea y fracturas.

Pacientes y métodos

Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo analizando características clínicas, genéticas y tratamiento de pacientes diagnosticados de OI (1989-2017) en el Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza (Endocrinología Pediátrica y Reumatología).

Resultados

Incluidos 40 pacientes; 32,5% varones, 67,5% mujeres; 29 niños, 11 adultos. Media de fracturas al diagnóstico en OI leve 4,6±6,4 (edad media al diagnóstico 7,8±12,8años), en OI moderada 1,7±2,4 (edad media al diagnóstico 0,04±0,3años), en OI grave 3,7±2,1 y en OI muy grave 12,5±7,8, ambos grupos diagnosticados al nacimiento. Estudio genético en 32 pacientes, 25 con variante patogénica/probablemente patogénica, siendo COL1A1 el gen más frecuentemente afectado. En 7 pacientes no fue encontrada la variante responsable, 5 con confirmación diagnóstica (estudio bioquímico colágenoI). Tratamiento con bifosfonatos 19 pacientes; 7 asociando hormona de crecimiento. Los tratados con bifosfonatos han presentado mejoría clínica (reducción de dolor óseo y/o irritabilidad) y reducción del número de fracturas.

Conclusiones

El gen COL1A1 es el más frecuentemente afectado en nuestros pacientes. El tratamiento debe ser multidisciplinar y el uso de bifosfonatos proporciona mejoría.

Palabras clave:
Osteogénesis imperfecta
COL1A1
COL1A2
CRTAP
P3H1/LEPRE1
Bifosfonatos

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