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Vol. 157. Issue 8.
Pages 388-394 (October 2021)
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Vol. 157. Issue 8.
Pages 388-394 (October 2021)
Review
Medical sequels of COVID-19
Secuelas médicas de la COVID-19
Visits
864
Francisco Pablo Peramo-Álvareza, Miguel Ángel López-Zúñigab,
Corresponding author
, Miguel Ángel López-Ruzb
a Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
b Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
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Tables (3)
Table 1. Most common symptoms in the post-acute phase of COVID-19.
Table 2. Prevalence of respiratory and neurological sequelae in patients who have suffered COVID-19.
Table 3. Prevalence of psychiatric and haematological sequelae in patients who have suffered COVID-19.
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Abstract

COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the world population, with a high rate of morbidity and mortality. While the evidence to date has attempted to describe clinical feature of acute illness, recent reports have also begun to describe persistent symptoms that extend beyond the initial period of illness. Adverse outcomes, in addition to respiratory, have been found to occur at different levels: cardiovascular, neurological, or immunological; skin, gastrointestinal or renal manifestations. The detrimental effect on mental health has also been described, not only in COVID-19 patients. The burden of disease secondary to this pandemic is likely to be enormous and not limited to acute disease alone, thus epidemiological studies are needed to further investigate the long-term impact of this disease. This review summarizes the current evidence on short-term effects and describes the possible long-term sequelae of COVID-19.

Keywords:
COVID
COVID-19
Sequelae
Respiratory
Cardiological
Coronavirus
SARS-CoV-2
Neurological
Psychiatric
Resumen

La pandemia de COVID-19 ha impactado gravemente en la población mundial, con una gran tasa de morbilidad y mortalidad. Si bien la evidencia hasta la fecha ha intentado describir la clínica de la enfermedad aguda, informes recientes también han comenzado a describir síntomas persistentes que se extienden más allá del período inicial de enfermedad. Se ha encontrado que los resultados adversos, además de respiratorios, se presentan a diferentes niveles: cardiovascular, neurológico o inmunológico; manifestaciones cutáneas, gastrointestinales o renales. También se ha descrito el efecto perjudicial sobre la salud mental, no solo en pacientes con COVID-19. Es probable que la carga de enfermedad secundaria a esta pandemia sea enorme y no se limite únicamente a la enfermedad aguda, por lo que se necesitan estudios epidemiológicos que investiguen más a fondo el impacto a largo plazo de esta enfermedad. Esta revisión resume la evidencia actual sobre los efectos a corto plazo y describe las posibles secuelas a largo plazo del COVID-19.

Palabras clave:
COVID
COVID-19
Secuelas
Respiratorias
Cardiológicas
Coronavirus
SARS-CoV-2
Neurológicas
Psiquiátricas

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