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Medicina Clínica (English Edition) Association between cigarette smoking, genetic polymorphism and myelodysplasia: ...
Journal Information
Vol. 164. Issue 5.
Pages 211-216 (March 2025)
Vol. 164. Issue 5.
Pages 211-216 (March 2025)
Original article
Association between cigarette smoking, genetic polymorphism and myelodysplasia: A multicentric case-control study
Consumo de cigarrillos, polimorfismos genéticos y mielodisplasia: un estudio de casos y controles
Natalia de las Heras Rodrígueza, Marta Megido Laherab, José Ramón González Porrasc, Sonia Sánchez Camposd,e, Raquel Díez Láizd, Marta Fuertes Núñeza, Fernando Ramos Ortegaa,
Corresponding author
mail@fernandoramosmd.es

Corresponding author.
a Servicio de Hematología y Hemoterapia, Hospital Universitario de León, León, Spain
b Servicio de Hematología y Hemoterapia, Hospital El Bierzo, Ponferrada, Spain
c Servicio de Hematología y Hemoterapia, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
d Instituto Universitario de Biomedicina (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, León, Spain
e Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto Nacional de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
Article information
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Tables (5)
Table 1. Clinical-biological characteristics of MDS/CMML patients.
Tables
Table 2. Crude Odds ratio between cases and controls for non-modifiable control variables (risk markers).
Tables
Table 3. Odds ratio of MDS, crude and stratified by levels of cumulative lifetime exposure to cigarette smoke.
Tables
Table 4. Crude Odds ratio between cases and controls for potentially modifiable control variables (risk factors).
Tables
Table 5. Confounding and interaction analysis on the impact of cigarette smoking on MDS.
Tables
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Additional material (1)
Abstract
Background

Both cigarette smoking (CGS), through its role as a benzene source, and some metabolic detoxyfiying enzymes (EDTOX) polymorphisms that hamper its inactivation, are considered as risk factors for the development of myelodysplastic neoplasms (MDS) and related disorders. This study aims to confirm such associations.

Patients and methods

We recruited 61 patients diagnosed with MDS following FAB Group criteria and 180 adults without peripheral blood cytopenia, and we analyzed: i) the crude odds-ratio (OR) for MDS between smokers and non-smokers, ii) the crude OR for MDS between homozygous individuals for the mutation NQO1609C—T, or harboring deletions in the genes codyfing for GSTM1 y GSTT1, and those who did not show such genotypes, and iii) the OR for MDS between smokers and non-smokers, adjusted for other potential risk factors.

Results

Our data confirm the association between MDS with a 28 pack-year or greater CGS history (OR 3.10; IC 95% 1.38–6.96). Conversely, we did not observe any association between MDS diagnosis and the EDTOX genotypes analyzed.

Conclusions

Cigarette smoking history is more relevant than EDTOX genotype in MDS etiopathogenesis.

Keywords:
Cigarette smoking
Detoxifying enzymes
Myelodysplastic neoplasms
Polymorphisms
Risk factors
Risk markers
Abbreviations:
AML
BM
CF
CS
CI
CMML
DTOXE
FAB
GST
IPSS
MDS
MV
NQ01
OR
PB
RA
RAEB
RARS
RFs
RMs
Resumen
Antecedentes y objetivo

Tanto el consumo de cigarrillos (CGS), a través de su papel como fuente de benceno, como determinados polimorfismos en las enzimas de destoxificación metabólica (EDTOX) que dificultan su inactivación, se consideran variables de riesgo para el desarrollo de neoplasias mielodisplásicas (SMD) y procesos relacionados. El objetivo de este estudio es confirmar dichas asociaciones.

Pacientes y métodos

Se estudiaron 61 pacientes diagnosticados de SMD según criterios del grupo Franco-Americano-Británico (FAB) y 180 personas mayores de edad, sin citopenias y se analizaron: i) la odds-ratio (OR) bruta de SMD entre fumadores y no fumadores, ii) la OR bruta asociada al diagnóstico de SMD entre los individuos homocigotos para la mutación NQO1609C—T, o portadores de las deleciones en los genes de la GSTM1 y GSTT1 y los que no presentaban dicha configuración genética y iii) la OR asociada al diagnóstico de SMD entre -fumadores y no fumadores, una vez ajustada por otros factores de riesgo potenciales.

Resultados

Se ha comprobado la asociación entre los SMD y el consumo de al menos 28 paquetes de cigarrillos-año (OR 3,10; IC 95% 1,38–6,96). No se observó ninguna asociación entre el genotipo de las EDTOX analizadas y el diagnóstico de SMD.

Conclusiones

El consumo de cigarrillos es más relevante que los polimorfismos mencionados en la etiopatogenia de la enfermedad.

Palabras clave:
Consumo de cigarrillos
Enzimas de destoxificación metabólica
Neoplasias mielodisplásicas
Polimorfismos
Factores de riesgo
Marcadores de riesgo

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