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Inicio Enfermería Clínica (English Edition) Depressive symptoms, symptoms of insomnia and stressful events in hypertensive o...
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Vol. 32. Issue 3.
Pages 195-202 (May - June 2022)
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Vol. 32. Issue 3.
Pages 195-202 (May - June 2022)
Original Article
Depressive symptoms, symptoms of insomnia and stressful events in hypertensive older adults: Cross-sectional study
Síntomas depresivos, síntomas de insomnio y eventos estresantes en ancianos hipertensos: estudio de corte transversal
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Carola Rosasa,b,
Corresponding author
carolaros@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Henrique Ceretta Oliveiraa, Anita Liberalesso Neric, Maria Filomena Ceolima
a Facultad de Enfermería, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
b Instituto de Enfermería, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Los Ríos, Chile
c Departamento de Psicología y Psiquiatría Médica, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Abstract
Objectives

the aim of this study was to determine whether symptoms of insomnia and intensity of stressful life events are independently associated with depressive symptoms in community-dwelling hypertensive older adults.

Methods

this was an observational cross-sectional study. Participants were 438 older adults with arterial hypertension who completed questionnaires about depressive symptoms, stressful events, self-reported symptoms of insomnia and socio-demographic characteristics. Cluster analysis was performed to obtain groups according to insomnia symptoms. The following groups were identified: Poor Sleep Quality, Early Waking and Good Sleep Quality. Associations were tested using linear regression analysis and multiple Poisson regression analysis.

Results

The factors that independently contributed to the increase of depressive symptoms were belonging to the Poor Sleep Quality group (p<.001) and Early Waking group (p=.005), reporting higher intensity of stressful life events (p<.001) and having less schooling (p=.003).

Conclusion

older adults with hypertension need a comprehensive approach to their health care that considers depressive symptoms and their relationship with intensity of stressful events, insomnia symptoms and schooling.

Keywords:
Depression
Older adults
Hypertension
Sleep initiation and maintenance disorders
Psychological stress
Resumen
Objetivos

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar si los síntomas de insomnio y la intensidad de los eventos de vida estresantes se asocian de forma independiente con los síntomas depresivos en ancianos hipertensos que viven en la comunidad.

Métodos

Estudio de tipo observacional transversal. Los participantes fueron 438 ancianos con hipertensión arterial que completaron cuestionarios sobre síntomas depresivos, eventos estresantes, síntomas de insomnio y características sociodemográficas. Se realizó un análisis de conglomerados para obtener grupos según los síntomas de insomnio. Se identificaron los siguientes grupos: mala calidad del sueño, despertar temprano y buena calidad del sueño. Las asociaciones se probaron mediante un análisis de regresión lineal y un análisis de regresión de Poisson múltiple.

Resultados

Los factores que contribuyeron de manera independiente al aumento de los síntomas depresivos fueron: pertenecer al grupo de mala calidad del sueño (p<0,001) y al grupo despertar temprano (p=0,005), reportando mayor intensidad de eventos de vida estresantes (p<0,001) y tener menos escolaridad (p=0,003).

Conclusión

Las personas mayores con hipertensión arterial necesitan un abordaje integral de su atención en salud, considerando los síntomas depresivos y su relación con la intensidad de los eventos estresantes, los síntomas de insomnio y la escolaridad.

Palabras clave:
Depresión
Ancianos
Hipertensión
Trastornos del inicio y del mantenimiento del sueño
Estrés psicológico

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