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Endocrinología, Diabetes y Nutrición (English ed.) Trans-signaling through the agonistic sIL-6R and an imbalanced inflammatory resp...
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Vol. 72. Issue 7.
(August - September 2025)
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Vol. 72. Issue 7.
(August - September 2025)
Original article
Trans-signaling through the agonistic sIL-6R and an imbalanced inflammatory response are associated with increased susceptibility to Graves’ disease
La trans-señalización a través del receptor agonista sIL-6R y la respuesta inflamatoria desequilibrada están asociadas con la predisposición a la enfermedad de Graves
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Zulvikar Syambani Ulhaqa,
, Zulkarnain Zulkarnainb, Lola Ayu Istifianic, Syafrizal Aji Pamungkasd, Susiatie, Djoko Wahono Soeatmadjif, Aulanni’am Aulanni’amg
a Research Center for Pre-clinical and Clinical Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia
b Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
c Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65151, Indonesia
d Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia
e Directorate of Innovation and Science & Technology Area (DIKST) Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia
f Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia
g Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia
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Tables (2)
Table 1. Characteristic of GD patients and control subjects.
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Table 2. Characteristics of parameters in GD patients with low FT3 and high FT3 (below or above the median FT3).
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Abstract
Background

Excessive inflammatory cytokines are known to impact immune response and autoimmunity. In this study, we quantified the level of interleukin (IL)-6, soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R), glycoprotein 130 (sgp130) and IL-10 to determine their involvement in the pathogenesis of Graves’ disease (GD), in addition to the assessment serum cytokines IL-6, sIL-6R, sgp130, and IL-10 performance as biomarkers for the diagnosis of GD.

Methods

A total of 20 patients with GD and 21 healthy individuals from the Indonesian population were enrolled. The serum concentrations of the selected cytokines were quantified using the ELISA method. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and TSH receptor antibody (TSHR-Ab) were also evaluated. Comparative analysis was performed in addition to the assessment of the diagnostic performance of cytokines using receiver-operating-curve (ROC) analysis. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to assess the relationship between 2 quantitative variables.

Results

Patients with GD had a higher IL-6, sIL-6R, and IL-6/IL-10 ratio but a lower sgp130/sIL-6R/IL-6 ratio vs controls. The ROC curve analysis showed that the sgp130/sIL-6R/IL-6 ratio exhibited better performance than IL-6, sIL-6R, and IL-6/IL-10 ratio in diagnosing GD. In addition, serum levels of IL-6, sIL-6, and IL-10 were associated with thyroid parameters, including TSHR-antibody (Ab) levels.

Conclusion

IL-6 trans-signaling and imbalance of inflammatory response could be prominent factors in the pathogenesis of GD.

Keywords:
IL-6 trans-signaling
sIL-6R
sgp130
IL-10
Unbalanced inflammatory response
Resumen
Antecedentes

Se sabe que las citoquinas inflamatorias excesivas influyen en la respuesta inmunitaria y la autoinmunidad. En este estudio, cuantificamos el nivel de interleucina (IL)-6, receptor soluble de IL-6 (sIL-6R), glucoproteína 130 (sgp130) e IL-10 para determinar su participación en la patogénesis de la enfermedad de Graves (EG), además de evaluar el rendimiento sérico de las citocinas IL-6, sIL-6R, sgp130 e IL-10 como biomarcadores para el diagnóstico de la EG.

Métodos

Se incluyeron 20 pacientes con EG y 21 individuos sanos de la población de Indonesia. Las concentraciones séricas de las citoquinas seleccionadas se cuantificaron utilizando el método ELISA. También se evaluaron la hormona estimulante del tiroides (TSH), la tiroxina libre, la triyodotironina libre y el anticuerpo del receptor de TSH. Se realizó un análisis comparativo además de la evaluación del rendimiento diagnóstico de las citoquinas mediante el análisis de la curva ROC. Se utilizó el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson para evaluar la relación entre 2 variables cuantitativas.

Resultados

Los pacientes con EG tenían una mayor proporción de IL-6, sIL-6R e IL-6/IL-10, pero una menor proporción de sgp130/sIL-6R/IL-6 que los controles. El análisis de la curva ROC mostró que la proporción sgp130/sIL-6R/IL-6 exhibió un mejor rendimiento que la proporción IL-6, sIL-6R e IL-6/IL-10 en el diagnóstico de EG. Además, los niveles séricos de IL-6, sIL-6 e IL-10 se asociaron con las funciones tiroideas, incluidos los niveles de anticuerpos del receptor de TSH.

Conclusión

La trans-señalización de IL-6 y el desequilibrio de la respuesta inflamatoria podrían ser factores importantes en la patogénesis de la EG.

Palabras clave:
Trans-señalización de IL-6
sIL-6R
sgp130
IL-10
Respuesta inflamatoria desequilibrada

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