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Vol. 101. Issue 10.
Pages 684-692 (October 2023)
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Vol. 101. Issue 10.
Pages 684-692 (October 2023)
Original article
Risk factors of massive blood transfusion in liver transplantation: consequences and a new index for prediction including the donor
Factores de riesgo de transfusión masiva en trasplante hepático: consecuencias y creación de un nuevo índice teniendo en cuenta el tipo de donante
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Iago Justoa,
Corresponding author
iago.justo@salud.madrid.org

Corresponding author.
, Alberto Marcacuzcoa, Óscar Casoa, Alejandro Manriquea, Álvaro García-Sesmaa, Adolfo Garcíab, Cristina Rivasc, Carlos Jiménez-Romeroa
a Unit of HPB Surgery and Abdominal Organ Transplantation, “12 de Octubre” University Hospital, Spain
b Department of Anestheiology, “12 de Octubre” University Hospital, Spain
c Service of Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplantation, University Hospital Salamanca, Spain
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Tables (4)
Table 1. Patient characteristics, stratified by presence or absence of massive blood transfusion.
Table 2. Cox regression analysis over survival.
Table 3. Logistic binary regression for MBT.
Table 4. New index.
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Abstract
Background

Massive blood transfusion (MBT) is a common occurrence in liver transplant (LT) patients. Recipient-related risk factors include cirrhosis, history of multiple surgeries and suboptimal donors. Despite advances in surgical techniques, anesthetic management and graft preservation have decreased the need for transfusions, this complication has not been completely eliminated.

Methods

One thousand four hundred and sixty-nine LT were performed at our institution between May 2003 and December 2020, and data was available regarding transfusion for 1198 of them. We divided the patients into two groups, with regards to transfusion of 6 or more units of packed red blood cells in the first 24 h posttransplant, and we analyzed the differences between the groups.

Results

Out of the 1198 patients, 607 (50.7%) met criteria for MBT. Survival was statistically lower at 1, 3, and 5 years when comparing the groups that had MBT to those that did not (92.6%, 85.2% and 79.7%, respectively, in the non MBT group, vs. 78.1%, 71.6% y 66.8%, respectively, in the MBT group). MBT was associated with a 1.5 mortality risk as opposed to non-MBT patients. Logistical regression analysis of our variables yielded the following results for a new model, including serum creatinine (OR 1.97), sodium (OR 1.73), hemoglobin (OR 1.99), platelets (OR 1.37), INR (OR 1.4), uDCD (OR 2.13) and split liver donation.

Conclusion

Massive blood transfusion impacts patient survival in a statistically significant way. The most significant risk factors are preoperative hemoglobin, INR and serum creatinine.

Keywords:
Liver transplantation
Transfusion
Massive transfusion
Predictive index
Patient survival
Resumen
Introducción

La transfusión masiva de hemoderivados (TMH) es un hecho frecuente en el trasplante hepático (TH). A pesar de los avances en la técnica quirúrgica, manejo anestésico y preservación de órganos, la politransfusión no ha desaparecido.

Métodos

1469 TH fueron realizados en nuestro centro entre mayo de 2003 y diciembre de 2020, obteniéndose datos completos de trasfusión de 1198. Dividimos a los pacientes en dos grupos de acuerdo a la necesidad de trasfusión de 6 o más unidades de sangre en las primeras 24 horas después del trasplante, y analizamos las diferencias entre los grupos.

Resultados

De los 1198 pacientes, 607 (50.7%) cumplieron criterios de TMH· La supervivencia fue estadísticamente inferior a 1, 3, y 5 años cuando comparamos los grupos en función de TMH o no (92·6%, 85·2% y 79·7%, respectivamente, en el no TMH, vs. 78·1%, 71·6% y 66·8%, respectivamente, en el grupo de TMH). Respecto al análisis de supervivencia, la TMH se asoció a un riesgo 1.5 veces mayor de mortalidad en contra de los pacientes sin TMH· El análisis de regresión logística nos permitió la creación de un nuevo modelo incluyendo creatinina sérica (OR 1.97), sodio (OR 1.73), hemoglobina (OR 1.99), plaquetas (OR 1.37), INR (OR 1.4), uDCD (OR 2.13) y trasplante procedente de split.

Conclusión

La transfusión masiva de hemoderivados impacta en la supervivencia del paciente de forma estadísticamente significative. Los factores de riesgo preoperatorios más significativos han sido la hemoglobina, el INR y la creatinine.

Palabras clave:
Trasplante hepático
Transfusión
Transfusión masiva
Índice predictive
Supervivencia de paciente

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