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Vol. 76. Issue 2.
Pages 71-77 (August 2004)
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Vol. 76. Issue 2.
Pages 71-77 (August 2004)
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¿Se puede medir la calidad de vida? ¿Cuál es su importancia?
Can quality of life be measured? How important is it?
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Joan Monés1
Corresponding author
jmones@hsp.santpau.es

Correspondencia: Dr. J. Monés Xiol. Unidad de Gastroenterología. Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau. Avda. Sant Antoni M. Claret, 167. 08025 Barcelona. España
Unidad de Gastroenterología. Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau. Barcelona.
Profesor Titular de Medicina. Universidad Autónoma. Cerdanyola del Vallès. Barcelona. España
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Resumen

Se define como calidad de vida “la ausencia de enfermedad o defecto y la sensación de bienestar físico, mental y social”, o también la sencilla pero adecuada definición americana “sentimiento personal de bienestar y satisfacción con la vida”. Desde tiempos remotos, en la relación médico-paciente había unas valoraciones subjetivas, tanto del médico como del paciente, sobre la pérdida de salud por una enfermedad y sobre la mejoría de una determinada actuación terapéutica. Sin embargo, en tanto que subjetivas, eran muy difíciles de evaluar y, sobre todo, de cuantificar. Por ello se empezó a valorar como conveniente la posibilidad de medir el estado de salud mediante instrumentos (cuestionarios) que necesitan de una validación previa. Se inicia por parte de médicos e investigadores clínicos, de forma lenta pero ininterrumpida, la introducción de los primeros estudios de calidad de vida en ensayos clínicos y en la práctica asistencial habitual. Los cuestionarios de calidad de vida (HRQL, Health Related Quality of Life) no sustituyen a las evaluaciones sintomáticas, analíticas, morfológicas, etc., sino que las complementan, introduciendo algo tan trascendente como la visión del propio paciente sobre su percepción de salud

Palabras clave:
Calidad de vida
Cuestionarios genéricos
específicos de calidad de vida
Cuestionarios para la valoración de síntomas

Quality of life is defined as “the absence of disease or disability and the sensation of physical, mental and social well-being” or, as the simple but adequate American definition “personal feeling of well-being and satisfaction with life”. Since far-off times in the doctor-patient relationship, subjective evaluations have been made by both the doctor and patient on the loss of health due to a disease and on the improvement produced by a specific therapeutic course of action. However, subjective impressions were difficult to evaluate and especially to quantify. Consequently, the possibility of measuring health status through instruments (questionnaires) requiring prior validation began to be considered as desirable. Physicians and clinical researchers slowly but surely began to introduce the first studies of quality of life in clinical trials and routine clinical practice. Questionnaires on Health Related Quality of Life (HRQL) are not a substitute for symptom evaluation, laboratory tests, morphological studies, etc., but complement them and introduce the highly important element of how patients themselves perceive their health status

Key words:
Quality of life
Generic
specific questionnaires on quality of life
Symptom evaluation questionnai
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