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Vol. 101. Issue 11.
Pages 778-786 (November 2023)
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Vol. 101. Issue 11.
Pages 778-786 (November 2023)
Original article
Postoperative morbidity after anatomical lung resections by VATS vs thoracotomy: Treatment and intention-to-treat analysis of the Spanish Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery Group
Morbilidad postoperatoria después de una resección pulmonar anatómica mediante cirugía toracoscópica frente a cirugía abierta: análisis por tratamiento y por intención de tratar del Grupo Español de Cirugía Torácica Videoasistida
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Sara Fra-Fernándeza,
Corresponding author
sara.fra@salud.madrid.org

Corresponding author.
, Gemma María Muñoz-Molinaa, Alberto Cabañero-Sáncheza, Laura del Campo-Albendeab, Sergio Bolufer-Nadalc, Raúl Embún-Flord, Néstor J. Martínez-Hernándeze, Nicolás Moreno-Mataa, on the behalf of GEVATS
a Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
b Department of Clinical Statistics, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
c Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
d Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
e Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hospital Universitario La Ribera, Alcira, Valencia, Spain
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Statistics
Tables (5)
Table 1. Distribution of baseline characteristics of patients included before propensity-score matching.
Table 2. Distribution of baseline patient characteristics included after propensity-score matching.
Table 3. Postoperative outcomes (not matched).
Table 4. Postoperative outcomes (matched).
Table 5. Baseline characteristics and postoperative outcomes of converted from VATS to open patients.
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Figures (1)
Abstract
Objectives

In recent years, video-assisted thoracoscopic lung resections (VATS) have been associated with lower morbidity than open surgery. The aim of our study is to compare postoperative morbidity among patients from the national database of the Spanish Group of Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery (GE-VATS) after open and video-assisted anatomic lung resections using a propensity score analysis.

Methods

From December 2016 to March 2018, a total of 3533 patients underwent anatomical lung resection at 33 centers. Pneumonectomies and extended resections were excluded. A propensity score analysis was performed to compare the morbidity of the thoracotomy group (TG) vs the VATS group (VATSG). Treatment and intention-to-treat (ITT) analyses were conducted.

Results

In total, 2981 patients were finally included in the study: 1092 (37%) in the TG and 1889 (63%) in the VATSG for the treatment analysis; and 816 (27.4%) in the TG and 2165 patients (72.6%) in the VATSG for the ITT analysis. After propensity score matching, in the treatment analysis, the VATSG was significantly associated with fewer overall complications than the TG OR 0.680 [95%CI 0.616, 0.750]), fewer respiratory (OR 0.571 [0.529, 0.616]) cardiovascular (OR 0.529 [0.478, 0.609]) and surgical (OR 0.875 [0.802, 0.955]) complications, lower readmission rate (OR 0.669 [0.578, 0.775]) and a reduction of hospital length of stay (−1.741 ([−2.073, −1.410]). Intention-to-treat analysis showed only statistically significant differences in overall complications (OR 0.76 [0.54–0.99]) in favor of the VATSG.

Conclusion

In this multicenter population, VATS anatomical lung resections have been associated with lower morbidity than those performed by thoracotomy. However, when an intention-to-treat analysis was performed, the benefits of the VATS approach were less prominent.

Keywords:
VATS
Propensity score
Video-assisted thoracic surgery
Thoracotomy
Morbidity
Abbreviations:
VATS
VATSG
TG
Resumen
Introducción

El objetivo de nuestro estudio es comparar la morbilidad postoperatoria entre los pacientes de la base de datos nacional del Grupo Español de Cirugia Torácica Videoasistida (GE-VATS) después de resecciones pulmonares anatómicas abiertas y videoasistidas mediante un análisis de emparejamiento por índice de propensión.

Métodos

Desde Diciembre de 2016 hasta Marzo de 2018, un total 3533 pacientes fueron intervenidos de resección pulmonar anatómica en 33 centros. Se excluyeron las neumonectomías y las resecciones extendidas. Se realizó un análisis de índice de propensión para comparar la morbilidad de cirugía abierta (TG) frente a VATS (VATSG). Se realizó un análisis por tratamiento y por intención de tratar (ITT).

Resultados

En el estudio se incluyeron finalmente 2981 pacientes: 1092 (37%) en TG y 1889 (63%) en VATSG. En el análisis por tratamiento, la VATS se asoció significativamente con menor tasa de complicaciones que la cirugía abierta (OR 0.680 [95%CI 0.616, 0.750]), de complicaciones respiratorias (OR 0.571 [0.529, 0.616]), cardiovasculares (OR 0.529 [0.478, 0.609]) y quirúrgicas (OR 0.875 [0.802, 0.955]), menor tasa de reingresos (OR 0.669 [0.578, 0.775]) y menor estancia (−1.741 ([−2.073, −1.410]). En el de intención de tratar, se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas a favor de la VATS solo en las complicaciones en general (OR 0.76 [0.54–0.99]).

Conclusiones

En esta población multicéntrica, las lobectomías y segmentectomias anatómicas por VATS se han asociado con menor tasa de complicaciones que las realizadas por toracotomía. Sin embargo, en el análisis por intención de tratar, los beneficios de la VATS no fueron tan evidentes.

Palabras clave:
VATS
Cirugía toracoscópica videosasistida
Toracotomía
Morbilidad

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