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Vol. 88. Issue 2.
Pages 64-76 (February 2013)
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Vol. 88. Issue 2.
Pages 64-76 (February 2013)
Review
Intraoperative floppy-iris syndrome
Síndrome del iris flácido intraoperatorio
Visits
4024
J. González Martín-Moroa,
Corresponding author
juliogmm@yahoo.es

Corresponding author.
, F. Muñoz Negreteb, I. Lozano Escobara, Y. Fernández Miguela
a Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital del Henares, Coslada, Madrid, Spain
b Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Universidad de Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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Tables (5)
Table 1. Etiological agents involved in the flaccid iris syndrome.
Table 2. Syndrome-related complications.
Table 3. Syndrome severity classification (taken from Manvikar).
Table 4. Pharmacologically strategies applied in syndrome management.
Table 5. Non-pharmacological strategies utilized in syndrome management.
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Abstract
Objective

Intraoperative-floppy iris syndrome (IFIS) has been recently described. It has been demonstrated that this new syndrome complicates cataract surgery. In this paper we have reviewed the syndrome, and offer practical information specially related to the origin and management of this syndrome and we offer practical information.

Material and methods

A review of the related medical literature using PubMed and Cochrane databases. Combining the search terms tamsulosin, cataract, IFIS and intraoperative floppy iris syndrome, more than 200 articles were found. Eighty-two of them were obtained and analyzed. In the remaining only the abstract could be studied.

Results

The aetiological association between IFIS and tamsulosin (and to a lesser degree between IFIS and other alpha-antagonists) is well established. Other aetiological associations are doubtful. Most of the literature is centered on cataract surgery. However, a similar syndrome has been described during trabeculectomy. A possible association between these drugs and choroidal detachments has also been described. Undoubtedly tamsulosin treatment makes cataract surgery more difficult and increases the probability of intraoperative complications. Protocols to manage the syndrome have not yet been developed. Intracameral injection of alpha-adrenergic agonists seems to be useful. However, there is no evidence of the usefulness of discontinuing the drug or using preoperative mydriatics.

Conclusion

The aetiological and clinic features of the syndrome are well established. More studies are needed to provide scientific evidence on the most appropriate way to cope with this syndrome.

Keywords:
IFIS
Intraoperative-floppy iris syndrome
Tamsulosin
Cataract
Alpha-1A adrenoreceptor
Resumen
Objetivos

Recientemente se ha descrito el síndrome del iris flácido intraoperatorio (IFIS). Este síndrome complica la cirugía de catarata. Con este trabajo pretendemos revisar el síndrome, y ofrecer información práctica, especialmente en relación con los aspectos etiológicos y terapéuticos del mismo.

Material y métodos

Revisión de la literatura biomédica relacionada, utilizando las bases de datos PubMed y Cochrane. Combinando los términos tamsulosin, cataract, IFIS e intraoperative floppy iris syndrome se identifican más de 200 artículos. Ochenta y 2 pudieron ser localizados y estudiados. En los restantes se estudió el resumen.

Resultados

La asociación etiológica con la tamsulosina, y en menor medida con los restantes antagonistas de los receptores alfa, está bien establecida. Otras posibles asociaciones etiológicas son más dudosas. Aunque la mayor parte de los artículos se centran en la cirugía de catarata, también se ha documentado la aparición de un síndrome similar durante trabeculectomía, y se ha descrito la asociación de los antagonistas alfa con desprendimientos coroideos. El consumo de tamsulosina hace más difícil la cirugía de catarata y aumenta la probabilidad de que se produzcan complicaciones. La forma más adecuada de manejar el síndrome no está protocolizada. La inyección intracamerular de un agonista alfa adrenérgico mejora el comportamiento del iris. No existe evidencia científica de que suspender el fármaco o el uso de midriáticos preoperatorios resulte útil.

Conclusiones

Los aspectos etiológicos y clínicos del síndrome están bien establecidos. Se precisan estudios que aporten evidencia científica sobre la forma más adecuada de manejar este síndrome.

Palabras clave:
IFIS
Síndrome del iris flácido intraoperatorio
Tamsulosina
Catarata
Receptor adrenérgico alfa1A

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