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Vol. 86. Issue 11.
Pages 368-373 (November 2011)
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Vol. 86. Issue 11.
Pages 368-373 (November 2011)
Original article
Diode laser photocoagulation of retinopathy of prematurity
Fotocoagulación con láser de diodo en la retinopatía del prematuro
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1077
A. Galván Ledesma
Corresponding author
, C. Morales Guillén, M.T. Pastor Ramos, M. del Carmen Vázquez Marouschek
Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
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Tables (7)
Table 1. Number of infants treated per year of birth, with mean gestational age and weight at birth.
Table 2. Demographic data and associated morbidity of infants.
Table 3. Retinopathy characteristics.
Table 4. Laser treatment complications.
Table 5. Results at 9 months after treatment.
Table 6. Percentage of poor visual and anatomic results at month 9 post-treatment comparing infants with and without intraventricular hemorrhage, assessing right and left eyes separately.
Table 7. Refraction at month 9 post-treatment.
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Abstract
Objective

To describe diode laser photocoagulation results in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in our hospital.

Material and method

Retrospective cross-sectional study based on clinical histories of the premature infants treated during the period from 2004 to 2008.

Results

In the treated group we found a predominance of pre-threshold retinopathy versus threshold retinopathy (84.35% vs 15.65%). The anatomic results were good in 96.5% of 147 eyes. None of the treated eyes in pre-threshold stage showed a poor result. Nine months after treatment, 84.85% of 132 eyes showed good functional results. A poor visual response was associated in most of the cases with neurological diseases. Infants with intraventricular hemorrhages had the worst anatomical and functional results. Strabismus (23.5%) and nystagmus (10.3%) rates were high, probably due to the increased prevalence of neurological diseases. The mortality rate in treated children was 7.3%.

Conclusions

Diode laser photocoagulation in ROP offers very good anatomical results when performed at the appropriate time. Nevertheless, prematurity is still a very important cause of visual dysfunction in infancy due to the associated neurological disturbances.

Keywords:
Retinopathy of prematurity
Retinal photocoagulation
Diode laser
Resumen
Objetivo

Describir los resultados de la fotocoagulación con láser de diodo en la retinopatía del prematuro (RP) en nuestro hospital.

Material y método

Estudio transversal, retrospectivo, basado en las historias clínicas de los niños prematuros tratados en el periodo de 2004 a 2008.

Resultados

La población tratada tiene un predominio de la retinopatía preumbral frente a retinopatía umbral (84,35 vs. 15,65%). Los resultados anatómicos fueron buenos en el 96,5% de 147 ojos. Ningún ojo tratado en fase preumbral tuvo mal resultado anatómico. A los 9 meses del tratamiento, los resultados funcionales fueron buenos en un 84,85% de 132 ojos. La mala respuesta visual se asoció en la mayoría de los casos a enfermedad neurológica. Los niños con hemorragia intraventricular tienen peores resultados anatómicos y funcionales. Las tasas de estrabismo (23,5%) y de nistagmo (10,3%) son altas y creemos que se deben a la elevada prevalencia de enfermedades neurológicas. La mortalidad en los bebés tratados fue del 7,3%.

Conclusiones

La fotocoagulación con láser de diodo en la retinopatía del prematuro, practicándola en el momento oportuno, da muy buenos resultados anatómicos. A pesar de todo, la prematuridad sigue siendo una causa importante de disfunción visual en la infancia debido a las lesiones neurológicas con que se asocia.

Palabras clave:
Retinopatía del prematuro
Fotocoagulación retiniana
Láser de diodo

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