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Archivos de la Sociedad Española de Oftalmología (English Edition) Bilateral corneal ulcer due to K. oxytoca: A case report
Journal Information
Vol. 100. Issue 9.
Pages 563-570 (September 2025)
Vol. 100. Issue 9.
Pages 563-570 (September 2025)
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Bilateral corneal ulcer due to K. oxytoca: A case report
Úlcera corneal bilateral por K. oxytoca: reporte de un caso
L.M. Mora-Peñuelaa, J. Tirado-Ángelb, M.A. Martínez-Ceballosc,
Corresponding author
a Clínica de Córnea, Fundación Oftalmológica Nacional, Bogotá, Colombia
b Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas Oftalmológicas e Inflamatorias, Fundación Oftalmológica Nacional, Bogotá, Colombia
c Universidad del Rosario, School of Human Sciences, Bogotá, Colombia
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Abstract

Bacterial keratitis is one of the leading causes of monocular blindness worldwide. The following case describes the case of a patient with bilateral bacterial keratitis caused by Klebsiella oxytoca, a gram-negative bacterium often overlooked in cases of bacterial infectious keratitis. The patient is a 20-year-old man with a past medical history of allergic keratoconjunctivitis and keratoconus who developed an epithelial defect following improper handling of his contact lenses. Initially, the patient was managed with ocular lubricants. However, he experienced a rapid and aggressive deterioration in visual acuity, with an expansion of the epithelial defect and the appearance of bilateral stromal infiltrates. Due to the poor response to empirical antimicrobial therapy, cultures were obtained from the contact lenses, which identified the presence of K. oxytoca as the causative agent. The antibiogram revealed resistance to widely used antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin. Following these results, targeted antimicrobial therapy was initiated, leading to significant clinical improvement and substantial anatomical and visual recovery. This case underscores the importance of recognizing the potential aggressiveness of K. oxytoca in immunocompetent patients, which can cause severe ocular infections, particularly in individuals with risk factors such as contact lens wear. It also highlights the critical need for microbiological cultures and antibiograms to guide effective therapy, given the variable resistance patterns of this microorganism.

Keywords:
Contact lenses
Corneal ulcer
Klebsiella oxytoca
Case report
Resumen

La queratitis bacteriana es una de las principales causas de ceguera monocular en todo el mundo. A continuación se presenta el caso de un paciente con queratitis bacteriana bilateral causada por Klebsiella oxytoca, una bacteria gramnegativa que a menudo se pasa por alto en queratitis infecciosas de origen bacteriano. Se trata de un hombre de 20 años con antecedentes de queratoconjuntivitis alérgica y queratocono, que presentó un defecto epitelial tras la incorrecta manipulación de sus lentes de contacto. Inicialmente se manejó con lubricación ocular, sin embargo presentó un rápido y agresivo deterioro de la agudeza visual con aumento del defecto epitelial y posterior aparición de infiltrado estromal bilateral. Por la pobre respuesta a la terapia antimicrobiana empírica se tomaron cultivos de los lentes de contacto identificando la K. oxytoca como el agente causal, el antibiograma reveló resistencia a antibióticos comunes como la ciprofloxacina, tras el resultado se inició una terapia antimicrobiana dirigida, presentando mejoría clínica con una recuperación anatómica y visual importante. Este caso subraya la importancia de reconocer la agresividad de la K. oxytoca en pacientes inmunocompetentes para causar infecciones oculares severas, particularmente en individuos con factores de riesgo como el uso de lentes de contacto. Resalta la necesidad de cultivos microbiológicos y antibiograma para guiar una terapia efectiva dados los patrones de resistencia variables del microorganismo.

Palabras clave:
Lentes de contacto
Úlcera corneana
Queratitis infecciosa
Klebsiella oxytoca
Reporte de caso

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