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Archivos de la Sociedad Española de Oftalmología (English Edition) Autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa: An extended family report of the Asp-19...
Journal Information
Vol. 100. Issue 10.
Pages 585-591 (October 2025)
Vol. 100. Issue 10.
Pages 585-591 (October 2025)
Original article
Autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa: An extended family report of the Asp-190-Tyr variant
Retinosis pigmentaria autosómica dominante: informe de una familia extensa con la variante Asp-190-Tyr
P. Moreira Martins
Corresponding author
pedromartins0123@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, C. Ferreira, E. Saraiva, P. Sepúlveda, L. Silva, F. Sousa-Neves
Department of Ophthalmology, Unidade Local de Saúde de Gaia e Espinho, Gaia, Porto, Portugal
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Table 1. Ophthalmologic phenotype of the included patients with retinitis pigmentosa.
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Abstract
Introduction and objectives

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) represents a spectrum of rod-cone inherited disorders with characteristic symptoms, and functional changes. The Asp-190-Tyr pathogenic variant of the RHO gene impairs rodopsin transport through the endoplasmic reticulum, leading to accumulation within photoreceptors, inducing cytotoxicity. This report presents the ophthalmologic phenotype of this rare variant.

Materials and methods

Retrospective study including patients from one extended family presenting with RP, with an autosomal dominant (AD) variant of the RHO gene (Asp-190-tyr). Baseline demographic/ophthalmologic data and ancillary testing was collected.

Results

Twelve individuals were included; eight had generalized RP. The mean age was 64 years - four were female. Genetic testing in 5/8 patients with RP revealed an AD variant in the RHO gene, with replacement of an aspartic acid with tyrosine at codon 190. Visual acuity ranged from no light perception to 6/10. Fundoscopy and fundus autofluorescence showed bilateral generalized RP pattern: optic disc pallor, bone spicules, and arterial narrowing. Perimetry in four patients showed tunnel vision. Electrophysiology revealed marked wave reduction in both pattern and flash ERG. Severe atrophy of the outer retinal layers with cystoid macular oedema was observed in 4/8 patients.

Conclusions

This study highlights the phenotype of the Asp-190-Tyr variant. Previously, it was described in a family with a regional pattern of RP and relatively preserved visual function. Our study changes this paradigm, with patients presenting with a generalized RP phenotype and significant visual impairment. The provided data may help offer accurate prognostic information to patients with this variant.

Keywords:
Retinitis pigmentosa
Autosomal dominant
Rhodopsin
RHO
Asp-190-Tyr
Resumen
Introducción y objetivos

La retinitis pigmentaria (RP) representa un espectro de trastornos hereditarios del cono-bastón con síntomas característicos y alteraciones funcionales. La variante patogénica Asp-190-Tyr del gen RHO impide el transporte de rodopsina a través del retículo endoplásmico, induciendo citotoxicidad. Este informe presenta el fenotipo oftalmológico de esta rara variante.

Material y métodos

Estudio retrospectivo que incluye pacientes de una familia extensa con RP y una variante autosómica dominante (AD) del gen RHO (Asp-190-Tyr). Se recogieron datos demográficos y pruebas auxiliares.

Resultados

Se incluyeron doce individuos; 8 tenían RP generalizada. Las pruebas genéticas en 5/8 pacientes con RP revelaron una variante AD en el gen RHO, con sustitución de un ácido aspártico por tirosina (codón 190). La agudeza visual oscilaba entre la no percepción de luz y 6/10. La fundoscopia y autofluorescencia mostraron un patrón de RP bilateral generalizado: palidez del disco óptico, espículas óseas y estrechamiento arterial. La perimetría en 4 pacientes mostró visión en túnel. La electrofisiología reveló una marcada reducción de la onda en el ERG flash/pattern. En 4/8 pacientes se observó atrofia de las capas externas de la retina con edema macular cistoide.

Conclusiones

Este estudio destaca el fenotipo de la variante Asp-190-Tyr. Anteriormente, se había descrito en una familia con un patrón regional de RP y función visual relativamente preservada. Nuestro estudio cambia este paradigma - los pacientes presentan un fenotipo generalizado de RP y un deterioro visual significativo. Los datos pueden ayudar a ofrecer información pronóstica precisa a los pacientes con esta variante.

Palabras clave:
Retinitis pigmentaria
Autosómica dominante
Rodopsina
RHO
Asp-190-Tyr

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