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Vol. 58. Issue 3.
Pages 255-259 (January 2006)
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Vol. 58. Issue 3.
Pages 255-259 (January 2006)
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Aneurisma de aorta abdominal roto e hiperostosis esquelética idiopática difusa
Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm and diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis
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C. Varela-Casariego
Corresponding author
varelot@hotmail.es

Correspondencia: Servicio de Angiología y Cirugía Vascular. Hospital Universitario de Getafe. Ctra. Toledo, km 12,5. E-28905 Getafe (Madrid).
, F. Acín, A. López-Quintana de Carlos, E. Martínez-Aguilar, A. Flórez-González
Servicio de Angiologia y Cirugía Vascular. Hospital Universitario de Getafe. Getafe, Madrid, España
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Resumen
Introducción

El aneurisma de aorta abdominal (AAA) roto crónico es una forma de presentación poco frecuente de los AAA. Menos aún lo son las publicaciones que asocian el AAA roto crónico con síndromes de hiperostosis vertebral. Presentamos un caso de AAA roto crónico e hiperostosis esquelética idiopática difusa y describimos su relación eventual.

Caso clínico

Varón de 84 años que acudió a urgencias por un cuadro de debilidad muscular de ambos muslos de 20 días de evolución acompañado de síndrome febril, anemia y cifras normales de presión arterial. Se evidenció una masa pulsátil no dolorosa de 6cm en el mesogastrio. La radiografía lateral de columna demostró osteofitos prominentes en cara anterior de los cuerpos de L3-L5; estos hallazgos fueron sugerentes de hiperostosis esquelética idiopática difusa. La tomografía axial computarizada evidenció un AAA roto crónico infrarrenal de 5cm de diámetro máximo, que se extendía hasta la bifurcación ilíaca, con rotura aórtica contenida en el retroperitoneo y en ambos compartimentos del psoas. Durante el estudio preoperatorio el paciente sufrió descompensación hemodinámica. Fue intervenido de urgencia y en la apertura del aneurisma se evidenció ausencia de pared aórtica posterior; la rotura estaba contenida por los cuerpos vertebrales lumbares. Fue dado de alta sin incidencias y en revisiones posteriores no se observaron complicaciones postoperatorias.

Conclusión

El presente caso sugiere que, en pacientes con AAA y marcadas hiperostosis vertebrales, el diámetro de dicho aneurisma es un factor de riesgo de rotura menos importante que en pacientes sin hiperos-tosis; debe contemplarse en estos casos un tratamiento más precoz.

Palabras clave:
Aneurisma aórtico roto
Aneurisma de aorta abdominal
Enfermedad de Forestier
Hematoma retroperi-toneal
Hiperostosis vertebral
Rotura contenida
Síndrome constitucional
Summary
Introduction

Chronic rupture of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a rare presenting symptom of AAA. However, even fewer cases of chronic rupture of an AAA associated with vertebral hyperostosis have been reported in the literature. We give details of a case of chronic rupture of an AAA and diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis and describe their possible relation.

Case report

We describe the case of an 84-year-old male who visited the emergency department because of a 20-day history of symptoms of muscle weakness accompanied by a high temperature, anaemia and normal blood pressure. A 6-centimetre pulsatile mass that was not painful when palpated was found in the umbilical region. A lateral X-ray of the spine revealed prominent osteophytes on the anterior side of the L3-L5 bodies; these findings suggested the existence of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis. A computerised axial tomography scan showed the presence of an infrarenal chronic rupture of an AAA with a maximum diameter of 5cm, which extended as far as the iliac bifurcation, with contained aortic rupture in the retroperitoneum and in both psoas compartments. During the preoperative study the patient suffered haemodynamic failure. Emergency surgery was performed and on opening the aneurysm no posterior aortic wall was found; the rupture was being contained by the lumbar vertebral bodies. The patient was discharged from hospital with no further incidences and in later check-ups no postoperative complications were observed.

Conclusions

This case suggests that, in patients with AAA and evident vertebral hyperostosis, the diameter of the AAA is a risk factor for rupture that is less important than in patients without hyperostosis; earlier treatment should be considered in these cases.

Key words:
Abdominal aortic aneurysm
Contained rupture
Forestier's disease
Retroperitoneal haematoma
Ruptured aortic aneurysm
Vertebral hyperostosis
Wasting syndrome
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Copyright © 2006. SEACV
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