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Vol. 42. Issue 1.
Pages 33-41 (January - February 2018)
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Vol. 42. Issue 1.
Pages 33-41 (January - February 2018)
Original article
Trends in the management of urolithiasis in Latin America, Spain and Portugal: Results of a survey in the Confederación Americana de Urología (CAU)
Tendencias en el manejo de la litiasis urinaria en América Latina, España y Portugal: Resultados de una encuesta en la Confederación Americana de Urología (CAU)
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J.C. Anguloa,
Corresponding author
jangulo@futurnet.es

Corresponding author.
, N. Bernardob, H. Zampollic, M.A. Riverod, H. Dávilae, J. Gutiérrezf
a Departamento Clínico, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
b Departamento de Urología, Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
c Departamento de Urologia, Instituto do Cancer Dr. Arnaldo Vieira de Carvalho, São Paulo, Brazil
d Especialista consultor en Urología y Andrología, Buenos Aires, Argentina
e Departamento de Urología, Hospital Universitario de Caracas, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
f Departamento de Urología, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
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Tables (3)
Table 1. First therapeutic option before a stone >2cm in the renal pelvis according to the language in which the survey was answered.
Table 2. First therapeutic option before a stone> 2cm in lower calyx according to the language in which the survey was answered.
Table 3. Puncture of the collecting system in percutaneous nephrolithotomy according to age groups.
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Abstract
Objective

To describe the trends in the current management of urolithiasis in the Confederación Americana de Urología (CAU) setting to recognize patterns of clinical practice and identify educational needs.

Material and method

An online survey was created with 31 multiple-choice questions (Spanish and Portuguese) through www.caunet.org, which revealed demographic data, patterns of clinical practice and approaches for specific clinical conditions.

Results

A total of 463 practitioners from Brazil, Mexico, Argentina, Spain, Colombia, Chile and other countries (3.96% of the members of CAU) completed the survey. All participants performed some type of urolithiasis treatment: 98.5% performed semirigid ureteroscopy (URS), 83.8% performed percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), 78.2% performed flexible URS, and 67.2% performed extracorporeal lithotripsy. The youngest physicians tended to perform PCNL (p<0.001), and the proportion of users of flexible URS was greater in the Portuguese countries (p=0.037). The main energy source was laser (60.7%). Small-caliber PCNL was performed by 15.3% of the respondents, more often in university hospitals (p<0.01) and by older practitioners (p<0.01). Only 3.2% of the respondents used percutaneous access to the kidney guided exclusively by ultrasound, especially the older practitioners (p<0.001). The supine position was used by 40.4% of the respondents, more often in Spain (p<0.001) and in the university setting (p=0.017). PCNL without nephrostomy was practiced by 3.9% of the respondents. For flexible URS, 19.2% of the respondents did not use ureteral access sheaths, and the older practitioners preferred thinner caliber sheaths (p<0.001).

Conclusions

The management of lithiasis in the CAU setting follows a profile similar to that recognized in the European and American clinical guidelines, although there are interesting variations based on the practitioner's age and preferences. We identified potential areas for improvement in small-caliber PCNL and ultrasound-guided puncture.

Keywords:
Urolithiasis
Treatment
Education
Confederación Americana de Urología
Resumen
Objetivo

Describir las tendencias en el manejo actual de la litiasis urinaria en el entorno de la Confederación Americana de Urología (CAU) para reconocer patrones de práctica clínica e identificar necesidades educativas.

Material y método

Encuesta en línea compuesta por 31 preguntas de respuesta múltiple (español y portugués) a través www.caunet.org revelando datos demográficos, patrones de práctica clínica y actitudes ante situaciones clínicas específicas.

Resultados

Cuatrocientos sesenta y tres profesionales procedentes de Brasil, México, Argentina, España, Colombia, Chile y otros (3,96% de la membresía CAU) completaron la encuesta. Todos los participantes practican algún tipo de tratamiento para la litiasis urinaria: 98,5% ureteroscopia (URS) semirrígida, 83,8% nefrolitotomía percutánea (NLP), 78,2% URS flexible y 67,2% litotricia extracorpórea. Los médicos más jóvenes tienden a realizar NLP (p<0,001) y la proporción de usuarios de URS flexible es mayor en los países de habla portuguesa (p=0,037). La fuente de energía principal empleada es el láser (60,7%). Practican NLP de calibre reducido 15,3%, más en hospitales universitarios (p<0,01) y profesionales de mayor edad (p<0,01). Solo el 3,2% utiliza acceso percutáneo al riñón guiado exclusivamente por ultrasonido (US), especialmente profesionales mayores (p<0,001). Utiliza posición supina el 40,4%, más en España (p<0,001) y en entorno universitario (p=0,017). Practican NLP sin nefrostomía el 3,9%. En URS flexible el 19,2% no usa vaina de acceso ureteral y los profesionales de mayor edad prefieren vainas de calibre más delgado (p<0,001).

Conclusiones

El manejo de litiasis en el entorno CAU sigue un perfil similar al reconocido en las guías clínicas europea y americana, aunque se reconocen interesantes variaciones en función de la edad y de laspreferencias de los profesionales. Se identifican como posibles áreas de mejora NLP de calibre reducido y punción guiada por US.

Palabras clave:
Litiasis urinaria
Tratamiento
Formación
Confederación Americana de Urología

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