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Actas Urológicas Españolas (English Edition) Identification of risk factors for evisceration in open radical cystectomy
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Vol. 49. Issue 6.
(July - August 2025)
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Vol. 49. Issue 6.
(July - August 2025)
Original article

Identification of risk factors for evisceration in open radical cystectomy

Identificación de los factores de riesgo de evisceración en la cistectomía radical abierta
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R. Monsonís-Usóa, P. Ponce-Blascoa, B. Amaya-Barrosoa, P. Martínez-Meneua, A. Sánchez-Llopisa, L. Barrios-Arnaua, C. Garau-Perellóa, P. Juanb,
Corresponding author
juan@uji.es

Corresponding author.
, M. Rodrigo-Aliagaa
a Servicio de Urología, Hospital General Universitario de Castellón, Castellón, Spain
b IMAC, Universidad Jaume I de Castellón, Spain
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Abstract
Introduction

Abdominal wall closure defects (AWCD) represent a cause of morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing laparotomy.

Objective

The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors contributing to the appearance of AWCD in open radical cystectomy.

Methods

A retrospective, analytical, observational, descriptive study and multivariate analysis was conducted including patients who underwent open radical cystectomy for bladder cancer at the General University Hospital of Castellón between January 2018 and December 2021.

Results

A total of 80 patients were included. The mean age was 70 years, with 86.3% being men. Sixteen presented with an evisceration (20%). Risk factors in the multivariate analysis were age, history of vascular or coronary disease, preoperative albumin, hemodynamic instability, and surgical time. Eight patients presented with an eventration (10%). A higher body mass index and a lower preoperative hemoglobin level were associated with eventration.

Conclusion

The risk factors associated with abdominal wall closure defects are identifiable and preventable.

Keywords:
Abdominal wall closure defects
Evisceration
Eventration
Open cystectomy
Surgical wound dehiscence
Prophylactic mesh
Resumen
Introducción

Los defectos de cierre de la pared abdominal (DCPA) constituyen una causa de morbilidad y mortalidad en pacientes sometidos a laparotomía.

Objetivo

Determinar los factores de riesgo asociados a la aparición de DCPA en pacientes sometidos a cistectomía radical abierta.

Métodos

Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo, analítico, observacional y descriptivo con análisis multivariante. Se incluyeron pacientes con cáncer de vejiga sometidos a cistectomía radical abierta en el Hospital General Universitario de Castellón entre enero de 2018 y diciembre de 2021.

Resultados

Se analizaron 80 pacientes, con una edad media de 70 años, de los cuales el 86,3% eran hombres. Se registró evisceración en 16 pacientes (20%). El análisis multivariante identificó como factores de riesgo la edad avanzada, antecedentes de enfermedad vascular o coronaria, niveles bajos de albúmina preoperatoria, inestabilidad hemodinámica y mayor tiempo quirúrgico. Además, 8 pacientes (10%) desarrollaron eventración, la cual se asoció a un índice de masa corporal elevado y un nivel reducido de hemoglobina preoperatoria.

Conclusión

Los factores de riesgo asociados a los defectos de cierre de la pared abdominal son identificables y prevenibles.

Palabras clave:
Defectos de cierre de la pared abdominal
Evisceración
Eventración
Cistectomía abierta
Dehiscencia de la herida quirúrgica
Malla profiláctica

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