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Journal Information
Vol. 60. Issue 3.
Pages 194-198 (January 2009)
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Vol. 60. Issue 3.
Pages 194-198 (January 2009)
Clinical significance of unilateral tonsillar enlargement
Significación clínica de la asimetría amigdalina
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Susanna Tobias Gómez
Corresponding author
stobiago@hotmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Víctor Palomar Asenjo, Montserrat Borràs Perera, Isabel Pérez Hernández, Antonio Ruiz Giner, Víctor Palomar García
Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida, Spain
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Abstract
Introduction

Asymptomatic unilateral tonsillar enlargement is usually treated with systematic tonsillectomy under suspicion of malignancy. Due to the fact that most of the cases are benign pathologies, we set out to study the clinical signs that would help us in the diagnosis in order to avoid unnecessary tonsillectomies.

Material and methods

We reviewed 267 tonsillectomies performed from 1996 to 2006 and 30 of these were indicated because of asymmetry. We evaluated risk factors for malignancy: cervical lymphatic node enlargement, sex, age, tonsillar enlargement noticed by the patient, suspicious appearance, systemic symptoms, history of malignancy, and immunocompromise.

Results

Histopathologic study revealed 80% to be benign and 20% malignant. The risk factors with the strongest association were enlargement of cervical lymphatic nodes and suspicious appearance of the tonsil.

Conclusions

Strict control of a unilateral tonsillar enlargement is possible, but it is mandatory to perform a tonsillectomy when the appearance of the tonsil raises suspicions or there are enlarged lymphatic nodes.

Keywords:
Tonsillar asymmetry
Tonsillectomy
Follicular lymphoid hyperplasia
Tonsillar cancer
Oropharynx cancer
Lymphoma
Resumen
Introducción

El aumento unilateral asintomático de una amígdala palatina suele tratarse con amigdalectomía sistemática por sospecha de malignidad. Ante la mayor frecuencia de procesos benignos, se estudian datos clínicos que puedan servir como factores de riesgo para evitar amigdalectomías innecesarias.

Material y métodos

Se revisan 267 amigdalectomías realizadas entre 1996 y 2006, de las cuales 30 se indicaron por asimetría. Se valoran factores de riesgo, como adenopatías, ser varón, mayor de 45 años, detección por el mismo paciente, aspecto sospechoso, clínica sistémica, historia de malignidad e inmunodeficiencia.

Resultados

El resultado anatomopatológico fue de proceso benigno en el 80% de los casos y maligno en el 20%. Los factores de riesgo que muestran mayor relación con malignidad son las adenopatías y el aspecto sospechoso.

Conclusiones

Se puede realizar control estricto ante una asimetría amigdalina, aunque cuando hay factores de riesgo debemos indicar amigdalectomía.

Palabras clave:
Asimetría amigdalina
Amigdalectomía
Hiperplasia folicular linfoide
Cáncer de amígdala
Linfoma

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