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Inicio Acta Otorrinolaringológica Española Disease-free survival and response to therapy of clinically node- negative papil...
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Original article
Available online 24 February 2024
Disease-free survival and response to therapy of clinically node- negative papillary thyroid cancer treated without central neck dissection: Retrospective study of 321 patients
Supervivencia libre de enfermedad y respuesta al tratamiento en carcinomas papilares de tiroides tratados sin vaciamiento ganglionar del compartimento central: estudio retrospectivo de 321 pacientes
Carmen Ruiz-Garcíaa, Laura Rodrigáñez Riescoa, Blanca Mateos-Serranoa, Ricardo Bernáldez Millána, Antonio J Del Palacio Muñoza, Javier Gavilána, Paola Parra Ramírezb, Patricia Martín-Rojas Marcosb, Arturo Lisbona Catalánb, Beatriz Lecumberrib, Cristina Álvarez-Escoláb, Alejandro Castroa,
Corresponding author
a Otorhinolaryngology Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
b Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
Received 25 September 2023. Accepted 12 January 2024
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Table 1. Demographics, disease staging and morphologic findings.
Abstract
Background and objective

Nodal metastases in the central compartment are frequent in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). However, they are mostly micrometastases with no impact on survival and their relevance on the risk of locoregional relapse is controversial.

There is no consensus regarding optimal management of the central neck in patients with PTC cN0. In our center, we do not perform prophylactic central neck dissection (pCND). The objective of this study is to review our long-term results and compare them with the most recent literature.

Patients and methods

Retrospective review of patients with PTC who underwent total thyroidectomy (TT) without CND between 2005 and 2017. Primary result was disease-free survival in the neck (DFS).

Results

321 patients were identified, mostly T1-T2 tumors (94.1%). Median follow-up was 90 months. DFS in the central compartment was excellent (96.1% at 10 year’s follow-up). 19 patients had cervical recurrence, of which 15 underwent salvage surgery.

On their last visit, including salvage surgery when appropriate, 77% of patients had excellent response, 18.7% had indeterminate response, 3.1% had biochemically incomplete response and 1.2% had morphologically incomplete response. Recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) paralysis after TT was transient in 4.7% of patients and permanent in 0.9% of patients. There were no RLN paralysis after salvage surgery. Permanent hypoparathyroidism occurred in 3.4% of patients. Only one patient had hypoparathyroidism after salvage surgery and it was permanent.

Conclusions

Based on long-term results and low rate of complications associated with salvage surgery in our experience, we consider routine pCND is not justified.

Keywords:
Papillary thyroid cancer
Total thyroidectomy
Metastasis
Lymph node
Survival analysis
Resumen
Antecedentes y objetivo

Las metástasis ganglionares en el compartimento central son frecuentes en el cáncer papilar de tiroides (PTC), pero suelen ser micrometástasis que no impactan en la supervivencia, con un papel controvertido sobre el riesgo de recidiva locorregional.

No existe consenso acerca del manejo del compartimento central en pacientes con PTC cN0. En nuestro centro no realizamos vaciamiento central electivo (pCND). El objetivo de este estudio es revisar nuestros resultados a largo plazo y compararlos con la literatura reciente.

Pacientes y métodos

Estudio retrospectivo de pacientes con PTC tratados con tiroidectomía total (TT) sin CND entre 2005 y 2017. El objetivo principal fue la supervivencia libre de enfermedad cervical (DFS).

Resultados

321 pacientes fueron identificados, la mayoría T1-T2 (94,1%). La mediana de seguimiento fue 90 meses. La DFS en el compartimento central fue excelente (96,1% a 10 años). 19 pacientes tuvieron recidiva cervical, de los cuales 15 fueron reintervenidos. En su última revisión, incluyendo reintervenciones, el 77% de los pacientes tenía una respuesta excelente, el 18,7% indeterminada, el 3,1% bioquímica incompleta y el 1,2% morfológica incompleta.

Tras la TT, el 4,7% de los pacientes tuvo parálisis recurrencial transitoria, y el 0,9% permanente. No hubo ningún caso de parálisis recurrencial tras las reintervenciones. La tasa de hipoparatiroidismo permanente fue del 3,4%. Sólo un paciente tuvo hipoparatiroidismo tras la reintervención, y fue permanente.

Conclusiones

Basándonos en nuestros resultados a largo plazo y las escasas complicaciones asociadas a las reintervenciones, consideramos que no está justificado realizar pCND de forma rutinaria.

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