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Vol. 64. Issue 1.
Pages 37-44 (January - February 2013)
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Vol. 64. Issue 1.
Pages 37-44 (January - February 2013)
Original article
Glutaraldehyde-Preserved and Lyophilised Bovine Pericardium as Materials for Medialization of the Vocal Folds in an Animal Model
Pericardio bovino tratado con glutaraldehído y liofilizado como materiales para la medialización de cuerdas vocales en modelo animal
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J. Raúl Olmos-Zuñigaa,
Corresponding author
raolzu@yahoo.com

Corresponding author.
, Ignacio Dorantes-Mancebo del Castillob, Arturo Avila-Chávezb, Rogelio Jasso-Victoriaa, Miguel Gaxiola-Gaxiolac, Avelina Sotres-Vegaa, Claudia Hernández-Jiméneza, Arturo Ramírez-Garcíab, Patricio Santillan-Dohertyd
a Departamento de Cirugía Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias «Ismael Cosio Villegas», Mexico City, Mexico
b Departamento de Otorrinolaringología, Cirugía de Cabeza y Cuello, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias «Ismael Cosio Villegas», Mexico City, Mexico
c Departamento de Morfología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias «Ismael Cosio Villegas», Mexico City, Mexico
d Subdirección de Cirugía, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias «Ismael Cosio Villegas», Mexico City, Mexico
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Abstract
Introduction

Glutaraldehyde-preserved bovine pericardium (GBP) and lyophilised GBP (LGBP) have been used successfully in repairing several anatomical defects, but their effectiveness and safety as implants to vocal cords (VC) have not been reported.

Objective

The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of GBP and LGBP as materials for medialization thyroplasty, as well as to assess the endoscopic, macroscopic and microscopic VC changes after medialization in an experimental canine model.

Material and methods

In 12 healthy mongrel dogs, the right VC were medialized using pericardium and the left with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Group 1 (n=6): GBP and Group 2 (n=6): LGBP. The surgical manoeuvrability of the implants was compared. The animals were evaluated clinically and endoscopically. Three months after surgery, the larynges were assessed macro- and microscopically.

Results

Both GBP and LGBP implants showed better surgical manoeuvrability (Kruskal–Wallis, P=.005). Endoscopic and macroscopic studies showed no evidence of granulomas, absorption or extrusion of the implant. At the end of the study, greater thickness was observed in VC implanted with PTFE. Microscopically, all the VC developed fibrous capsules surrounding the implants and similar chronic inflammation reaction. The VC implanted with PTFE presented eosinophilic infiltration (Kruskal–Wallis, P<.05).

Conclusion

Both GBP and LGBP can be used as implants for VC medialization because they are biocompatible, have easy surgical manoeuvrability, do not suffer absorption, migration or extrusion and produce inflammation reactions similar to those of PTFE.

Keywords:
Bovine pericardium
Glutaraldehyde
Lyophilisation
Medialization
Vocal folds
Absorption
Migration
Extrusion
Resumen
Introducción

El pericardio bovino tratado con glutaraldehído (PBTG) y el pericardio bovino tratado con glutaraldehído liofilizado (PBTGL) ha sido utilizado exitosamente en la reparación de varios defectos anatómicos, pero su eficacia y seguridad como implantes de cuerdas vocales (CV) no se ha descrito.

Objetivo

Evaluar la utilidad del PBTG y PBTGL como material para la medialización tiroplástica y valorar los cambios endoscópicos, macroscópicos y microscópicos de las CV posmedialización en un modelo experimental canino.

Material y métodos

En 12 perros mestizos, se medializó la CV derecha con pericardio y la izquierda con politetrafluoroetileno (PTFE). Grupo i (n=6): PBTG, y Grupo ii (n=6): PBTGL. Se comparó el manejo quirúrgico de los implantes. Los animales se valoraron clínica y endoscópicamente. Tres meses poscirugía se evaluaron macroscópica y microscópicamente las laringes.

Resultados

El PBTG y PBTGL mostraron mejor manejo quirúrgico (Kruskal-Wallis, p=0,005). No se presentaron granulomas, absorción o extrusión del implante en ningún caso endoscópica ni macroscópicamente. Al final del estudio las CV medializadas con PTFE se observaron más engrosadas. Microscópicamente todas las CV formaron una cápsula fibrosa alrededor del implante y una reacción inflamatoria crónica similar, pero las implantadas con PTFE mostraron infiltrado eosinofílico (Kruskal-Wallis, p<0,05).

Conclusión

El PBTG y PBTGL pueden ser utilizados para la medialización de las CV debido a que son biocompatibles, de fácil manejo quirúrgico, no se absorben, no migran, ni extruyen y producen una reacción inflamatoria similar a la del PTFE.

Palabras clave:
Pericardio bovino
Glutaraldehído
Liofilización
Medialización
Cuerdas vocales
Absorción
Migración
Extrusión

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