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Vol. 74. Issue 5.
Pages 305-314 (September - October 2023)
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Vol. 74. Issue 5.
Pages 305-314 (September - October 2023)
Original article
Translation into Spanish and validation of the Tinnitus Functional Index (TFI)
Traducción y validación al español del índice funcional para el tinnitus (IFT)
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Maria Montserrat Soriano-Reixacha,b,
Corresponding author
, Juan José Navarro Sampedroa, Miren Sonsoles Goiburu Mingueza, Jorge Rey-Martíneza,b, Xabier Altunaa,b
a Otology Unit, Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital Universitario Donostia, Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
b Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Otorhinolaryngology Area, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
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Tables (2)
Table 1. Internal consistency of the new Spanish version of the Tinnitus Functional Inventory (Sp-TFI) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) vs the validated Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) measured by standard Cronbach’s α.
Table 2. Temporal stability of the Spanish version of the Tinnitus Functional Inventory (Sp-TFI) subscales, Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores measured by intraclass correlation coefficients (type (2,1)).
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Abstract
Objective

The objectives of this study were to translate into Spanish, cross-culturally adapt and validate the TFI.

Materials and Methods

The TFI questionnaire translated into Spanish (Sp-TFI) and cross-culturally adapted following the published guidelines on cross-cultural adaptation of health questionnaires was evaluated using two indicators. Its internal consistency was assessed with Cronbach’s α considering the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) as the gold standard. Further, its test-retest reliability was assessed with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). ICCs were also calculated for the THI and visual analogue scales (VAS) for tinnitus tested and retested in all participants.

Results

The mean age of the 18 participants was 45.77 (SD: 11.87) years; 12 were female (66.67 %) and 6 were male (33.33%). Half of the participants experienced tinnitus in their left ear and half in their right. The mean pure-tone average (PTA) in the affected ear was 29.34 (SD: 8.08) dB-HL. Regarding internal consistency and reliability of the Sp-TFI respectively, Cronbach’s α was 0.83 and the ICC type (2,1) was 1 (CI: 0.99–1). Among the variables studied, we found the following independent predictors had statistically significant effects on THI score: sex (p < 0.01), PTA (p = 0.03), overall Sp-TFI score (p = 0.02) and Sp-TFI SL, R and A subscale scores (p = 0.03, p = 0.03, and p < 0.01, respectively).

Conclusion

Based on the internal consistency and reliability results obtained in this study, the cross-culturally adapted Spanish version of the TFI (Sp-TFI) has been validated for use in Spain.

Level of evidence

2B: Individual cohort study/low-quality randomized control studies

Keywords:
Questionnaire
Adaptation
Validation
Tinnitus
TFI
Resumen
Objetivos

Los objetivos del estudio fueron traducir al español, adaptar culturalmente y validar el IFT.

Materiales y métodos

El cuestionario del IFT traducido al castellano (C-IFT) y la adaptación cultural, se realizó mediante las guías publicadas para la adaptación cultural en los cuestionarios para la salud. La consistencia interna fue evaluada mediante el alfa de Cronbach’s considerando el cuestionario de incapacidad provocada por el tinnitus (THI) cómo el cuestionario de referencia. Además, la fiabilidad test-retest se evaluó mediante los coeficientes de correlación intraclase (ICC). También se calcularon los ICC para el THI y las escalas analógicas visuales (VAS) para el tinnitus probado y reevaluado en todos los participantes.

Resultados

La edad media de los 18 participantes fue de 45,77 (DE: 11,87) años; 12 eran mujeres (66,67 %) y 6 eran hombres (33,33 %). La mitad de los participantes experimentaron tinnitus en el oído izquierdo y la otra mitad en el derecho. El promedio de tonos puros (PTA) en el oído afectado fue de 29,34 (DE: 8,08) dB-HL. En cuanto a la consistencia interna y la fiabilidad del C-IFT, respectivamente, el α de Cronbach fue de 0,83 y el ICC (2,1) fue de 1 (IC: 0,99-1). Entre las variables estudiadas, encontramos que los siguientes predictores independientes tuvieron efectos estadísticamente significativos en la puntuación de THI: sexo (p < 0,01), PTA (p = 0,03), puntuación general de C-IFT (p = 0,02) y C-IFT SL, R y las puntuaciones de la subescala A (p = 0,03, p = 0,03 y p < 0,01, respectivamente).

Conclusión

En base a los resultados de la consistencia interna y fiabilidad obtenidos en este estudio, la versión española adaptada transculturalmente del IFT (C-IFT) ha sido validada para su uso en España.

Palabras clave:
Cuestionario
Adaptación
Validación
Tinnitus
IFT

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