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Vol. 63. Issue 2.
Pages 132-140 (March - April 2012)
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Vol. 63. Issue 2.
Pages 132-140 (March - April 2012)
Review article
Neurolaryngology
Neurolaringología
Visits
3193
Faustino Núñez-Batalla
Corresponding author
fnunezb@telefonica.net

Corresponding author.
, Juan Pablo Díaz-Molina, María Costales-Marcos, Carla Moreno Galindo, Carlos Suárez-Nieto
Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Asturias, Spain
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Tables (3)
Table 1. Findings in General and Laryngeal Exploration of Neurological Diseases.
Table 2. Dysphonia: Signs Pointing to a Neurological Cause.
Table 3. Dynamic Evaluation of Voice.
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Abstract

The neuroanatomy of voice and speech is complex. An intricate neural network is responsible for ensuring the main functions of the larynx: airway protection, cough and Valsalva production, and providing voice. Coordination of these roles is very susceptible to disruption by neurological disorders. Neurological disorders that affect laryngeal function include Parkinson's disease, stroke, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, dystonia and essential tremor. A thorough neurological evaluation should be routine for any patient presenting with voice complaints suggestive of neurogenic cause. Endoscopic visualisation of the larynx using a dynamic voice assessment with a flexible laryngoscope is a crucial part of the evaluation and ancillary tests are sometimes performed. Otolaryngologic evaluation is important in the diagnosis and treatment of neurological disorders that affect laryngeal function.

Keywords:
Neurolaryngology
Laryngeal electromyography
Laryngeal physiology
Resumen

La neuroanatomía de la voz y el habla es compleja. Una intrincada red neural se responsabiliza de que se ejecuten las principales funciones de la laringe: la protección de la vía aérea, la producción de la tos y el Valsalva y la fonación. La coordinación de esos roles es muy susceptible de verse afectada por enfermedades neurológicas, tales como la enfermedad de Parkinson, los accidentes cerebrovasculares, la esclerosis lateral amiotrófica, la esclerosis múltiple, la distonía y el temblor. Una cuidadosa evaluación neurológica debe ser llevada a cabo en todo paciente que presente síntomas vocales que orienten a una causa neurológica. La visualización endoscópica mediante fibrolaringoscopio, que permita una evaluación dinámica de la voz, es una parte esencial de la valoración y en algunas ocasiones se emplean otras pruebas complementarias. La evaluación otorrinolaringológica es importante en el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de las enfermedades neurológicas con expresión al nivel laríngeo.

Palabras clave:
Neurolaringología
Electromiografía laríngea
Fisiología laríngea

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