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Decreases in ganglion cell layer and inner plexiform layer volumes correlate better with disease severity in schizophrenia patients than retinal nerve fiber layer thickness: Findings from spectral optic coherence tomography

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 March 2020

M. Celik ,
A. Kalenderoglu ,
A. Sevgi Karadag ,
O. Bekir Egilmez ,
B. Han-Almis  and
A. Şimşek
M. Celik*
Affiliation:
Adiyaman University, Psychiatry Department, Adiyaman, Turkey
A. Kalenderoglu
Affiliation:
Adiyaman University, Psychiatry Department, Adiyaman, Turkey
A. Sevgi Karadag
Affiliation:
Adiyaman University, Ophthalmology Department, Adiyaman, Turkey
O. Bekir Egilmez
Affiliation:
Adiyaman University, Psychiatry Department, Adiyaman, Turkey
B. Han-Almis
Affiliation:
Adiyaman Research and Education Hospital, Adiyaman, Turkey
A. Şimşek
Affiliation:
Adiyaman University, Ophthalmology Department, Adiyaman, Turkey
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail address: mustacelik@yahoo.com (M. Celik).
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Abstract

Background

Optic coherence tomography (OCT) is a new, contactless and fast neuroimaging method. Previous studies have observed thinning of the retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) in many neurodegenerative diseases, and researchers have suggested that correlations exist between the thinning of the RNFL and the neurodegeneration detected with other imaging methods or the severity of illness. More recently, OCT has been used in patients with schizophrenia. RNFL thinning has also been detected in these patients. With more sophisticated devices, segmentation of the retina and measurements of the ganglion cell layer (GCL) and internal plexiform layer (IPL) can be performed.

Methods

We measured the RNFL thickness and the GCL and IPL volumes in 40 treatment refractory patients with schizophrenia, 41 treatment responsive refractory patients and 41 controls using spectral-OCT, and we evaluated the correlations between the disease severity and OCT measurements.

Results

The global RNFL thickness and GCL and IPL volumes were decreased in the patients with schizophrenia compared with the controls. In addition, the GCL and IPL volumes were lower in the treatment refractory patients with schizophrenia compared to the treatment responsive patients. Using parameters such as the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scores, the disease duration and number of hospitalizations, correlations between the GCL and IPL volumes and disease severity were stronger than the correlations between the RNFL and the disease parameters.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that OCT can be used to detect neurodegeneration in schizophrenia and that the GCL and IPL volumes can also be used to monitor the progression of neurodegeneration.

Keywords

SchizophreniaOptic coherence tomographyInner plexiform layerGanglion cell layer
Type
Original article
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 32 , February 2016 , pp. 9 - 15
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2016

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