Uric acid is not an independent predictor of cardiovascular mortality in type 2 diabetes: A population-based study
Section snippets
Materials and methods
The study-base included 1540 patients with known type 2 diabetes who were residents in the town of Casale Monferrato in 1991, North-West of Italy (93,477 inhabitants), were invited to a baseline examination in 1991–92 to assess the prevalence of diabetic nephropathy and cardiovascular risk factors and were then followed up to 31/12/2006 [14], [15], [16]. They were identified in the first prevalence survey of the Casale Monferrato Study, using multiple independent data sources (diabetes clinics,
Statistical analysis
Normally distributed variables are presented as means ± standard deviation (SD), whereas variables with skewed distribution were analyzed after logarithmic transformation (triglycerides, AER, creatinine) and results presented as geometric means and 95% CIs. Differences in clinical characteristics of patients were assessed by the ANOVA test for continuous variables and χ2 test for categorical ones. Pearson's correlation coefficients for serum uric acid and continuous variables were also
Results
Measurements of serum uric acid were available for 1509 of 1540 diabetic people of the Casale Monferrato cohort, with mean value 321.79 ± 99.33 μmol/l. Sex differences in serum uric acid were evident, with higher values in men than in women (p < 0.001), even after adjustment for age, BMI, blood pressure and eGFR (330.11 μmol/l, 95% CI 322.98–337.85 vs. 314.65 μmol/l, 95% CI 308.11–321.19). Frequency of clinically relevant hyperuricemia (values higher than 416.36 μmol/l) was found in 13.2% of the
Discussion
Our study aimed to investigate the role of serum uric acid on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in a large population-based cohort of people with type 2 diabetes, during a 15-years follow-up period. The cross-sectional analysis of our study confirms the association between serum uric acid and variables included in the cluster of the metabolic syndrome (obesity, hypertension, HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides). In the prospective analysis, however, uric acid was not significantly associated
Author contributions
PF, researched data and wrote the manuscript, MP, PF, FB, CR and GG researched data, PCP contributed to the discussion and reviewed/edited the manuscript, GB designed the study, researched data and wrote the manuscript.
Acknowledgments
We thank the patients, the nurses at the diabetes clinic, the diabetologists and general practitioners for long-standing collaboration in this study. The Casale Monferrato Study is supported by grants from the Piedmont Region (Ricerca Sanitaria Finalizzata 2008). The Authors have no conflict of interest with results of the study.
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